PubMed · 6587855
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J Mew. 1983-09-10. Statistics: use and misuse.. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4805158
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It is generally accepted that in the treatment of Class II, 1 malocclusion classical activators may tip the upper incisors considerably. In comparison, in the cases described, an even better torque control was obtained. It has been our clinical experience that with the modified Teuscher activator it is possible to control upper incisor inclination and in some cases it is even possible to induce active palatal root torque. The appliance is relatively comfortable with good vertical retention even without headgear.
Functional treatment of condylar fractures in adult patients usually follows the closed reduction/maxillomandibular fixation approach. Some of the problems arising when functional appliances (i.e., activator) are used have been identified and presented here, especially in patients where fractured parts are dispositioned/dislocated. The cause is discussed and a different functional approach is proposed that yields good results.
The therapeutic results of a functional orthopedic treatment with a Balters' Bionator III appliance were evaluated. The sample group included 39 white growing subjects with a dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion. A 2-year study compared results with a control group. The results showed that the Bionator III is effective, especially when the malocclusion is mainly the result of a midfacial deficiency and when there is a hypodivergent growth pattern.