PubMed · 6567106
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G Anderson. 'Changing attitudes, taking risks'.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6567106/
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To obtain a global picture of the current status of nursing education and nursing practice in the mental health/psychiatric field, the International Council of Nurses (ICN) sent a questionnaire to 23 of its 101 member associations. The basis for the selection was to obtain information from a broad spectrum of different associations, e.g. state of development--economic and political, language, and geographical region. Of these, 16 (or 69%) returned completed questionnaires, often accompanied by extensive supporting documentation. In addition, four nurses' associations in Africa completed the questionnaire during staff field visits in that region. This paper makes reference to the responses received to the questionnaire and some verbatim quotes are included.
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Over the past 40 years, the mental health care system has been radically transformed from one focused on institutionalized care to one centered on treatment in community settings. While medical sociology has played a prominent role in the study of psychiatric hospitalization and the deinstitutionalization process, the systematic exploration of the sociological dimensions of community-based mental health care is only just beginning. This essay reflects on past disciplinary contributions and explores some important empirical and theoretical directions in the field of mental illness research that could benefit from more extensive sociological analysis. The central argument is that the shift to a community-based mental health system has increased the need for the sociological perspective and that medical sociologists, in particular, have the theoretical and analytical perspective essential for developing a more complete understanding of the current conditions impacting the lives of people with severe mental disorders. Drawing on recent work in medical sociology, we illustrate some important topical areas at the center of controversies over treatment, social change, and public policy regarding severe mental illness. We conclude with a discussion of the barriers to this type of sociological research and suggestions for ways medical sociologists might contribute to the study of severe mental disorders in the future.