PubMed · 6101807
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G T Watts. 1980-02-16. Halothane and anicteric hepatitis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6101807/
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Chloroform (CHCl3) is a short-lived ozone-depleting substance not currently regulated under the Montreal Protocol. Due to the unique meteorological conditions in East Asia, CHCl3 emitted in this region has a greater potential to reach the stratosphere and contribute to ozone depletion. As an essential component of national CHCl3 emissions, southeastern China has attracted increasing attention. However, long-term observational data in this region remain relatively scarce, with no updates since 2020. In this study, we continuously measured atmospheric CHCl3 concentrations at a remote monitoring station in southeastern China from 1 June 2023 to 31 May 2025. Frequent concentration enhancements were observed during the monitoring period, with mixing ratios ranging from 9.3 to 134.1 ppt and an average value of 36.8 ± 19.7 ppt. Back-trajectory analysis indicated that air masses associated with elevated CHCl3 levels primarily originated from coastal industrial provinces in eastern China. Using the Potential Source Contribution Function and Concentration Weighted Trajectory methods, we identified the Yangtze River Delta (Jiangsu, Anhui, and Zhejiang Provinces) and Jiangxi Province as dominant source regions. Emissions of CHCl3 in southeastern China were estimated using the Tracer Ratio Method to be approximately 30.1 ± 5.3 Gg/yr from 2023-06-01 to 2025-05-31, indicating overall stability relative to earlier estimates and no apparent upward trend. These findings provide updated insights into the current status of CHCl3 emissions in southeastern China and highlight the need for continued monitoring and emission assessment of CHCl3 in East Asia, given its unregulated status and implications for ozone layer recovery.
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Benzene was assessed as the predominant aromatic compound emitted from glowing charcoal and firewood embers. Concentrations measured above charcoal used for grilling exceeded 10 mg m(-3) at a 5% carbon dioxide level. Charcoal with a high carbon content released less benzene. Glowing wood pellets emitted less benzene than glowing firewood remainders. The emissions of ethene and propene relative to benzene were low for commercial charcoal and wood-pellet embers, but high for firewood ember. The proportions of methylbenzene and naphthalene from charcoal were typically only 10% relative to benzene, and those of benzofuran, dibenzofuran and benzonitrile were typically below 5%. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) indicator phenanthrene was below the 1% level. Adsorbent sampling and GC-MS were used for assessing all the aromatic compounds. Earlier studies of charcoal emissions have focused on carbon monoxide, PAH and dioxins. It is concluded that the carcinogenic benzene may be an even more severe health hazard to be addressed by exposure-decreasing measures.