PubMed · 596606
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H Vinazzer. 1977. [Autotransfusion].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/596606/
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Results obtained with the original calibration procedure of Biggs and Denson obtained by one expert laboratory compare well with those obtained from the ICTH/ICSH collaborative study. The simplified calibration procedure described in 1975 should only be used for the assessment of inter-batch variability of a given brand of thromboplastin; for the calibration of unlike thromboplastins, the simplified procedure should be revised by using more than two abnormal plasmas, e.g. different plasmas representing seven levels of anticoagulation between international calibrated ratios (ICRs) from 1.5 to 4.5. The formula for the calculation for the proposed ICRs based on the calibration constant should be modified to allow for instances where the calibration line for dissimilar thromboplastins, fitted in the therapeutic range, does not pass through the origin of ratio 1,1.
It has been reported that mental retardation due to congenital hypothyroidism can be prevented by early detection and early adequate replacement therapy. We have developed a radioimmunoassay for TSH using the dried blood spot and have started screening for newborn congenital hypothyroidism using a part of sample of the inborn metabolic error screening. (1) The dried blood spot TSH of 61,000 newborn infants was assayed in the first half of our screening and that of 74,505 newborn infants was assayed in the latter half of our screening. As a result, although we were not able to detect any cases in the first screening, we were able to detect 9 cases of congenital hypothyroidism in the latter screening. From the results obtained through our investigation of the thyroid function of these 9 infants, we confirmed that mild hypothyroidism can be better detected by the screening of TSH. (2) As to the program of the screening, we chose from the latter half of our screening all the samples in which TSH concentrations contained above 3 percent of each assay and were remeasured on the next assay. (3) As we confirmed that the sensitivity of measurement was increased at very low concentrations, when the volume of antibodies, radioisotopes and eluates used for each assay were decreased, we measured TSH successfully using two 3 mm discs. (4) As we can perform very simple screening by the 3 mm disc method, we are changing the screening method from that with 10 mm disc to one with two 3 mm discs. We intend to extend our screening, and will make every effort to prevent mental retardation due to congenital hypothyroidism.
Resealed erythrocyte ghosts have been proposed as in vivo carriers for enzyme replacement therapy of inherited metabolic diseases. In comparative studies of methods for reversible hypotonic haemolysis of erythrocytes, a five-fold increased entrapment of human serum albumin was obtained by use of a dialysis procedure instead of direct dilution. The percentage incorporation of protein was also affected by varying mixing procedure, haematocrit, lysis, and resealing times but not by varying buffer composition or added protein concentrations over a wide range. Higher protein entrapment was observed with time-expired blood compared to fresh blood and this may be ascribed to increased osmotic fragility of the erythrocyte membrane in stored cells. Haemolysed and resealed ghosts prepared by any method used were smaller than normal erythrocytes as measured with a Coulter Counter and with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, and protein entrapment reduced the ghost size further.