PubMed · 5820871
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G J van der Horst. 1969. Chromatic flicker.. https://doi.org/10.1364/josa.59.001213
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We propose a mathematical model for the generation of the subjective colour phenomenon through Benham's disk stimuli. The model relates to the spatial and temporal properties of three colour coded retinal ganglion cells: L+/M-, M+/L- and S-/(L+M)+ [or (L+M)-/S+]. It is suggested that the phenomenon is based on both the opponent mechanisms in the cells' receptive fields, and the "rebound response"--a common cell response to turning off of an inhibitory stimulus (nonlinear cell dynamics). A physiological mechanism is suggested for this response. The integrated cell responses to Benham disk-stimuli create imbalances between the colour pathways that are interpreted as actual colours. The model also predicts the shift in the perceived colours when the disk rotation rate is varied.
Ejima, Redies, Takahashi and Akita [(1984) Vision Research, 24, 1719-1726], studying the dependence of the neon colour spreading effect on wavelength and illuminance, found a number of relationships that appeared of difficult interpretation. This paper shows that these relationships can all be logically predicted within Grossberg and Mingolla's [(1985) Psychological Review, 92, 173-211] approach to the neon spreading problem, with no need of making ad hoc assumptions.
We describe two tests of the hypothesis that human judgments of the proximity of colors are consistent with a Euclidean geometry on color matching space. The first test uses proximity judgments to measure the angle between any two intersecting lines in color space. Pairwise estimates of the angles between three lines in a plane were made in order to test the additivity of angles. Three different color proximity tasks were considered. Additivity failed for each of the three proximity tasks. Secondly, we tested a prediction concerning the growth of the variability of judgments of similarity with the distance between the test and reference stimuli. The Euclidean hypothesis was also rejected by this test. The results concerning the growth of variability are consistent with the assumption that observers use a city-block metric when judging the proximity of colored lights.