PubMed · 5627391
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M Abe, T Sano, M Yaginuma. 1967. [Glucose].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5627391/
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Stable isotopes are commonly used as tracers for the measurement of glycerol and glucose kinetics in metabolic studies. Traditionally, the analysis of these isotopes has been performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, which requires that the analytes first be derivatized. The derivatization process adds considerable complexity to the method. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) can measure many metabolites directly with limited sample preparation. We present a novel analytical method for the measurement of [1,1,2,3,3-(2)H(5)]glycerol (d(5)-glycerol) and [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose (d(2)-glucose) isotopic tracer enrichments in human serum in a single run by LCMS. After a simple extraction step, the sample is separated isocratically by HPLC, and the isotopes are measured using positive electrospray ionization with selected ion monitoring of the sodium-adduct ions. The method is linear over a wide range of d(2)-glucose and d(5)-glycerol enrichments. The within-day standard deviation of measurement of serum samples was 0.05 mole% excess (MPE) for d(2)-glucose and 0.25 MPE for d(5)-glycerol. The variation of tracer enrichment among days was about double that measured within 1 day.
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BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is estimated to have a worldwide prevalence of 4.6% and afflict 200 million people. The prevalence is accelerating rapidly and the disease has reached epidemic proportions. While type 1 diabetes usually has a dramatic clinical onset, almost half of all those individuals with type 2 diabetes have not been diagnosed. This observation, coupled with the presence of complications at diagnosis and the significant reduction of microvascular complications obtained with tight glycemic control, has led to the recommendation that screening for diabetes be instituted. The American Diabetes Association recommends that adults aged 45 years or more should be evaluated for diabetes by measuring fasting plasma glucose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The rationale for screening, evidence that tight glycemic control reduces complications, and the possible roles of Hb A(1c) and autoantibodies in screening strategies are addressed in this review.