PubMed · 5428458
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1970-08-01. Seeing is believing.. https://doi.org/10.1038/227438a0
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We present a comprehensive synthesis of recent developments in methodological approaches to combine experimental and genomic studies of picophytoplankton-virus interactions. This synthesis will not only enhance our understanding of these relationships but also stimulate new hypotheses for the interpretation of metagenomic data and enrich current modeling efforts. Marine picophytoplankton are significant primary producers despite their low contribution to biomass. Pan-oceanic metagenomic studies have revealed an astounding genetic diversity within these communities and the astronomical abundance of viruses that infect them. Despite recent advances in understanding the genetic and genomic diversity of picophytoplankton and viruses, the interpretation of these data relies heavily on ecological and physiological insights. Specifically, our understanding of the mechanisms and dynamics governing host-virus interactions is limited because the current wealth of sequence data has not yet been matched with corresponding life-history traits. Linking phenotypes to genotypes in picophytoplankton-virus systems is also essential for accurately modeling their interactions and their impact on the global carbon cycle. Ultimately, the synergy of the three domains allows for a mechanistic interpretation of environmental data.
Microalgae are gaining attention as sustainable resources for the production of valuable compounds, including biofuels, pigments, and bioactive metabolites. To support metabolic engineering and genome editing approaches aimed at enhancing these traits, high-quality genome assemblies are essential; however, genomic information remains limited for many microalgal lineages. Tetraselmis sp. NKG400013 is a green alga known for high glycosphingolipid accumulation with distinctive structural features. Here, we report a draft genome assembly of this strain generated using PacBio HiFi sequencing and transcriptome-supported annotation. The assembled genome spans 423.7 Mbp, with 74.5% repetitive sequences and 15,322 predicted protein-coding genes. Comparative analyses across 11 green algal species revealed a positive correlation between genome sizes and repeat contents, indicating that transposable element expansion, particularly long terminal repeat retrotransposons, has substantially contributed to genome enlargement in Tetraselmis. Genome-wide functional annotation and ortholog inference identified core enzymes required for glycosylceramide biosynthesis. Both sphingolipid Δ4 and Δ8 desaturases were identified in Tetraselmis and their coexistence suggests an expanded capacity for long-chain base modification that may underlie its distinctive glycosphingolipid profile. These results establish a genomic framework for understanding the high glycosphingolipid-producing capacity of NKG400013 and provide insights into the evolutionary diversification of sphingolipid metabolism in green algae.
The effect of UV-B radiation (UVBR, 280-315 nm) on growth rate during 72 h of incubation, was measured for two marine microalgae -Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyceae) and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae). The resulting inhibition of growth rate was analysed by calculating biological weighting functions (BWFs). The growth rate of D. tertiolecta was slightly more inhibited by UVBR (over the whole range of the spectrum) than was the growth rate of P. tricornutum, but the wavelength dependencies were the same. Our results were compared with results from photosynthesis experiments of Andreasson and Wängberg [1] , where two methods, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorescence and carbon fixation, were measured for these same algae. The BWF for the growth rate, here, showed more wavelength dependency than the BWF for the previous two photosynthesis measurements - except for the carbon fixation BWF in P. tricornutum, which was closer to the BWF for growth rate. The wavelength dependency of the growth rate inhibition showed less variation between the species than the inhibition of the photosynthesis.