Biofeedback therapy.

Clinical studies have used two types of analysis of the power spectral estimates of heart period variability: autoregressive and fast Fourier transform techniques. Controversy exists regarding which method is the most valid. The specific aims of this study are: (1) to describe the power spectra of heart period variability before and after an intervention designed to increase heart period variability in persons after sudden cardiac arrest; (2) to compare the integral of power spectral density between autoregressive and fast Fourier transform techniques within low and high-frequency bands; (3) to compare the magnitude of the spectral peak values determined by autoregressive and fast Fourier transform techniques approaches within low and high-frequency bands; and (4) to compare the aforementioned parameters using 4-minute, 1-hour, and 24-hour blocks of heart period data. Results indicated high correlations between spectral estimations by autoregressive and fast Fourier transform techniques using integrals or peak values within either the low or high-frequency ranges. The autoregressive technique demonstrated better resolution of sharp peaks than the fast Fourier transform technique, and makes a smoother, more interpretable curve. Lastly, people can cognitively change their heart rate variability.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗

PubMed1992

Predictive factors for controlling seizures using a behavioural approach.

A behavioural approach using EEG biofeedback for controlling complex-partial seizures has been successful at the Andrews/Reiter Epilepsy Research Program. Records for a random sample of 83 patients with uncontrolled seizures, one third of those receiving care between 1980 and 1985, document that 69 (83%) achieved control by completion of the programme. Additional data about initial age of seizure onset, number of years seizures had been uncontrolled and seizure frequency when treatment started were collected to determine whether these factors predicted seizure control. Only frequency was significantly related to whether seizures were controlled when treatment ended. Further study using discriminant analysis showed that earlier onset age and higher seizure frequency were associated with a significantly greater number of treatment sessions required. Thus, these two factors predicted difficulty in controlling seizures, as measured by number of sessions, although onset age did not predict whether control was eventually achieved. Since even the subgroup achieving the lowest rate of control (i.e., patients having daily seizures when treatment started) had 67% success, these results suggest that a behavioural approach can be useful for many people with currently uncontrolled complex-partial seizures regardless of their characteristics on factors examined in this study.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗