PubMed · 5225618
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J Katz. 1966. Behaviour disorders in general practice.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5225618/
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The evaluation of the withdrawal reaction in small children using a standardized instrument should take into account the child's psychopatologic context and its child's development moment. We present the BADS questionnaire validation by its application in 35 children aged 0 to 2 years-old with pediatric diseases, coming from Santa Casa de São Paulo. The results were compared with those of 90 normal children who were evaluated in a previous study of the same author. The test used was the independent t test, with mean scores of 5.90 +/- 2.57 for normal children and 6.37 +/- 4.83 for sick children, with p= 0,651 and significance level of 5%. Thus, it was observed that the withdrawal reaction in sick children is not significantly different for that for normal children. With these results, the scale shows its importance as a screening instrument.
PURPOSE: To determine, in relation to two previous studies, the incidence of visual impairment (VI) caused by retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in children born in the Netherlands between 1994 and 2000 and their associated nonvisual disabilities. METHODS: From all institutes, schools, and ambulatory services for the partially sighted and blind, data on ROP infants born between 1994 and 2000 were retrieved. Apart from neonatal and ophthalmologic data, other data were gathered concerning the following concomitant disabilities: behavioral abnormalities, epilepsy, hearing deficit, developmental delay, and distinct neurological handicaps. Birth rate data were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics for the Netherlands. RESULTS: Data on 51 of 54 infants (94.4%) were studied. There was a statistically insignificant decrease in the incidence of visually impaired children caused by ROP in the period between 1994 and 2000 compared with the period between 1986 and 1994. Neonatal and ophthalmologic data of the infants were comparable for the study period and the previous period. The incidence of behavioral abnormalities in infants with ROP-related sequelae increased significantly in the study period compared with the previous one (46.9% v 21.8%, P <.05. The percentage of infants who received treatment for severe ROP did not change significantly (56.9% v 43.9% in the previous period). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a statistically insignificant decrease in the number of infants with visual impairment caused by ROP in the Netherlands in the period between 1994 and 2000 as well as a significant increase in the incidence of behavioral abnormalities in these children. Still, 43.1% of the infants did not receive acute-phase ROP treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To study the determinants of parent-reported behaviour problems at 3 years and the value of behaviour problems reported at 8 and 18 months as predictors of behaviour at 3 years STUDY DESIGN: A whole year birth cohort SETTING: Coventry MAIN OUTCOMES: Parent-reported behaviour problems at 3 years PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2580 infants were enrolled into the Coventry Cohort Study at the birth visit by their family health visitor. Data on parent-reported behaviour at all three ages (8 months, 18 months and 3 years) were available on 775 infants. RESULTS: Living in rented accommodation [adjusted OR 2.38 (95% CI 1.36, 4.21); OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence intervals] and living in a smoking household [adjusted OR 2.47 (95% CI 1.53, 3.99)] were independently associated with parent-reported behaviour problems at 3 years after controlling for other sociodemographic variables in logistic regression. The risk of behaviour problems at 3 years was increased in those reporting behaviour problems at 8 months [OR 3.77 (95% CI 1.73, 8.20)] and 18 months [OR 5.84 (95% CI 3.34, 10.23)] after adjustment for sociodemographic variables and other health problems. Behaviour at 8 months as a predictor of behaviour at 3 years had a sensitivity of 13.9%, a specificity of 95.7%, a positive predictive value of 32.6%, and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 3.23 and 0.90. For behaviour at 18 months, the sensitivity was 35.6%, the specificity 92.9%, the positive predictive value 42.9%, and positive and negative likelihood ratios 5.01 and 0.69. CONCLUSIONS: Parent-reported behaviour problems at 8 and 18 months are highly specific but not particularly sensitive as predictors of behaviour problems at 3 years. Assuming the availability of an effective early intervention, use of a question such as that in the Warwick Child Health and Morbidity Profile at 8 and 18 months will identify, respectively, 21% and 36% of children at risk of parent-reported behaviour problems at 3 years.