PubMed · 5208420
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G K Köhler, H Penin, G Oberhoffer, B Krankenhagen, U Voigt. 1971. [Clinical EEG with controlled hyperventilation].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5208420/
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BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested that women who choose to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) already, before starting this therapy, have a better cardiovascular risk profile than those who do not use it. Some of these studies contain factors of confusion and biases, such as HRT users' greater educational achievement or physical activity, which could have led to wrong conclusions. AIM: To study a cohort, without confounding factors in order to analyse whether the cardiovascular risk profile is different in women who choose to use HRT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Coronary risk factors of 387 women between 45 and 64 were studied. This study was carried out at the Unit for the Preventive Medical Examination of the South Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago (Chile) during the annual check-up. The first evaluation was in 1991-1992; with a second evaluation 5 years later. Of all the women, 174 (45%) never received hormones (Group A), 124 (32%) were HRT users at the time (Group B), and 89 (23%) were former-users (Group C). RESULTS: No differences were found between the three groups for age, body mass index (BMI), educational background, alcohol consumption, smoking or physical activity. Blood pressure was similar in the three groups. No significant differences were found in total cholesterol (A, 221.7+/-42.2; B, 228.2+/-47.0; and C, 227.3+/-44.9 mg/dl); high density lipoprotein (HDL, A, 53.5+/-13.2; B, 51.8+/-12.8; and C, 54.0+/-12.4 mg/dl); low density lipoprotein (LDL, A, 141.7+/-38.9; B, 148.5+/-43.1 and C, 148.3+/-43.8 mg/dl); triglycerides (A, 134.5+/-67.9; B, 141.0+/-66.1; and C, 127.3+/-68.5 mg/dl) and glucose plasma levels (A, 90.5+/-32.2; B, 87.7+/-15.3; and C, 85.0+/-8.8 mg/dl). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that women who choose to use HRT have a cardiovascular risk profile, before starting the therapy, similar to those who do not use it.
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We describe an assay scheme for glucose based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between concanavalin A (con A), labeled with the near-infrared fluorescent protein allophycocyanin (APC) as donor, and dextran labeled with malachite green (MG) as acceptor. Glucose competitively displaces dextran-MG and leads to reduction in FRET, assessed by time-domain fluorescence lifetime measurements using time-correlated single-photon counting. The assay is operative in the glucose concentration range 2.5-30 mM, and therefore suitable for use in monitoring diabetes control. Albumin and serum inhibit FRET but the interference can be prevented by removal of high molecular weight substances by membrane filters. APC shows promise for incorporation in an implanted glucose sensor which can be interrogated from outside the body.