PubMed · 5044544
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J J Mongé, N F Reuter. 1972. Snowmobiling injuries.. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1972.04180080042007
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OBJECTIVE: The validity of French cause of death statistics largely depends on the transmission of the medical information reported on the dedicated part of the death certificate. Data referring to death causes are collected and analyzed at the Information Department on the cause of death (INSERM SC8). In major urban areas with one or more forensic institutions, it has been observed that the proportion of death certificates indicating ìno particular cause of deathî is higher than the national average. We therefore examined deaths occurring in 1996 in the Lyons region. METHODS: This retrospective study involved 5,208 deaths recorded in Lyons France in 1996. Complementary information on these deaths was obtained from INSERM SC8 and Lyons Medicolegal Institute. RESULTS: It was observed that a large portion of violent deaths occurring in this city in 1996 (more than 30%) were not recorded appropriately in the national statistics due to a lack of communication after autopsy. CONCLUSION: Considering the importance of epidemiology and suicide prevention in the national public health strategy, improved information transmission must be developed in the near future.
It is important to estimate real alcohol consumption in Russia in the past 15 years because large quantities, and in recent years the bulk, of consumed alcohol evades state registration. In this study, trends in total consumption are estimated indirectly using an indicator of alcohol-related harm derived from forensic reports on accidental and violent deaths (Nemtsov, A.V., 1998. Anti-alcohol campaign, consequences, and actual alcohol consumption in Moscow, Addiction, in press). Using blood alcohol coefficients (BAC), the regression coefficients are estimated using the ratio of BAC-positive and BAC-negative accidental and violent deaths in 1983-1986 in connection with the Moscow anti-alcohol campaign; the coefficients are then used to estimate consumption as a total sum of legal sales of alcoholic beverages and illegal spirits made from sugar. Data were obtained of violent BAC-positive and BAC-negative deaths in 17-25 oblasts of Russia in 1981-1994. The derived estimates indicate that in 1984 consumption exceeded 14 l per capita, per annum (10.5 registered + 4.2 unregistered); that consumption fell to 10.8 1 in 1986 (during the anti-alcohol campaign), and that it then began to rise owing to a sharp increase in estimated unregistered alcohol consumption-climbing to 13.6 l (5.0 + 8.6) in 1993, and followed by a slight decline to 13.3 in 1994. These estimates are broadly consistent with estimates that have been made using unrelated methods, thus allowing some confidence in the overall picture obtained. Russia probably remains one of the heaviest-drinking countries in Europe. The reasons why indicators of alcohol-related harm in the mid-1990s exceed those recorded before the anti-alcohol campaign remain to be clarified.
The paper first summarises the main aspects of the ARIPAR methodology whose steps can be applied to quantify the impact on a territory of major accident risks due to processing, storing and transporting dangerous substances. Then the capabilities of the new decision support tool ARIPAR-GIS, implementing the mentioned procedure, are described, together with its main features and types of results. These are clearly shown through a short description of the updated ARIPAR study (reference year 1994), in which the impact of changes due to industrial and transportation dynamics on the Ravenna territory in Italy were evaluated. The brief explanation of how results have been used by local administrations offers the opportunity to discuss about advantages of the quantitative area risk analysis tool in supporting activities of risk management, risk control and land-use planning.