PubMed · 4913392
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A A Khanin. 1969. [Basic problems in post-traumatic skin regeneration].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4913392/
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Polypogon australis Brong. is a native Chilean grass frequently found colonizing metal-rich mine tailings, yet it lacks an established in vitro regeneration system to support controlled physiological and biotechnological studies. Here, we report a reproducible protocol for seed germination, callus induction, and plant regeneration using coleoptile-mesocotyl explants. Surface-sterilized seeds were germinated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose, achieving a cumulative germination percentage of 47.67 ± 3.15% after 15 days. The coleoptile-mesocotyl explant proved highly responsive to culture on callus induction medium (CIM) supplemented with dicamba, resulting in a callus induction frequency of 30.55 ± 11.96% after 3-5 weeks. Induced calli were predominantly embryogenic, with embryogenic calli representing 65.42 ± 8.61% of the total callus population. Embryogenic calli regenerated complete plantlets with a regeneration efficiency of 45.0 ± 23.3%. Organogenic structures, including primary shoots and roots, developed directly from embryogenic calli maintained on callus induction medium (CIM) supplemented with dicamba, without transfer to a specialized regeneration medium containing organogenesis-promoting growth regulators. After the initiation of organogenesis, cultures were exposed to a 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod while remaining on CIM, and regenerated plantlets were subsequently transferred to MS+10 S medium for further growth and elongation. This study establishes the first complete in vitro regeneration system for P. australis, providing a practical framework for future physiological studies, large-scale propagation, genetic transformation, and genome engineering applications in this ecologically relevant native Chilean grass.
The gastrointestinal tract possesses a remarkable regenerative capacity to maintain tissue homeostasis against various injuries. However, the intestine and stomach exhibit distinct regenerative strategies. In the intestine, damage to Lgr5-positive (Lgr5+) stem cells induces cellular plasticity and the emergence of transient Revival stem cells (RevSCs), a process critically dependent on YAP/TAZ signaling. Conversely, the stomach utilizes paligenosis, where quiescent p57-positive (p57+) mature chief cells act as reserve stem cells, dedifferentiating to restore damaged tissue. Although the cellular origins differ, both organs appear to share some common regenerative features, including transient activation of pro-proliferative programs such as YAP/TAZ signaling. In contrast, whether Retinoic Acid (RA) signaling also serves as a conserved mechanism for regenerative resolution in the stomach remains to be determined. In this review, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing regeneration in these two organs. This comparative analysis provides a framework for future research.
The characteristics of temporal dynamics and spatial distribution of forest soil seed bank and their effects on natural regeneration were reviewed in this paper. The density of the seed bank of forest soil, which is affected by the types and ages of forest, is lower than that of cultivated land and grassplot, and can vary widely. The extent to which the composition of forest soil seed bank is influenced by its counterpart plantation depends on the stages of succession. The dynamics of forest soil seed bank is the combined effect of periodical and random factors. It is suggested that forest soil seed bank is the material base of forest regeneration, and the configuration and function of forest soil seed bank would influence the ability and the direction of natural forest regeneration. According to the characteristics of forest soil seed bank and obstructive factors influencing regeneration, some artificial measures can be adopted to accelerate natural regeneration. Studies on the forest soil seed bank should focus on the application of basic theories of disturbed ecology, and regard the reconstruction of degenerative ecosystem and the succession of populations in the ecotone as the main contents to study. As for the research method, it is advisable to employ long-term and located observations.