PubMed · 491030
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D Yonemura, K Kawasaki. 1979-06-29. [Electroretinogram].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/491030/
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Focal electroretinograms (ERGs) were obtained from 35 normal eyes and 48 eyes with known macular disease using the MaculoScope stimulator-ophthalmoscope instrument. Response amplitude and phase were combined to permit interpretation of the ERG responses as two-dimensional vectors. This vector interpretation avoids statistical anomalies and distortions inherent in the use of amplitude and phase response parameters. Furthermore, the vector interpretation permits the use of the Hotelling T2 statistic for the assessment of the significance of the differences between ERG responses, providing greater statistical power than simultaneous comparison of amplitude and phase data separately. The distribution of normal responses yielded limiting normal values of 135 nV for the amplitude and -95 degrees for the phase lag of the focal ERG as recorded by the MaculoScope instrument. Significant abnormalities of the focal ERG are illustrated for cases of cilioretinal artery occlusion, Stargardt's disease, idiopathic macular hole, diabetic macular edema, and idiopathic macular dysfunction with normal fundus. This study demonstrates the potential value of the focal ERG in the demonstration of macular disease undetectable by conventional electroretinography.
Standardised echography was utilised to diagnose two cases of advanced Coats' disease. The characteristic acoustic features included extensive, poorly mobile retinal detachment; dense, dispersed subretinal opacities; looping of peripheral retina and absence of solid mass lesion and calcification. As enucleation of two eyes was necessary, it has proved possible to correlate the echographic and histological findings of this disease. The echographic features of other common causes of leukocoria are also discussed.
The flash ERG and VEP have conspicuous immature features during the first 4 months following birth. The most marked maturational changes occur in ERG amplitude and VEP latency. Concurrent recording of the skin ERG and VEP provides information which is very useful in helping to arrive at a diagnosis in the young infant with nystagmus who appears to be blind and has a fundus of normal appearance. ERG and VEP features associated with Leber's Amaurosis, congenital cone dysfunction, albinism, optic nerve hypoplasia and unilateral hemisphere dysfunction are described.