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PubMed · 458119

Standards and technology.

G A Fry
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Abstract

Improvements in standards and technology go hand in hand. A careful study of standards as related to the state of the art always brings to light the need for improving technology. The study involved in revising the 1972 ANSI Z80.1 Standard for Ophthalmic Lenses has focused attention on several new and upcoming developments. These relate (1) to the predetermination of the edger setting, and the use of the perimeter of a lens, (2) the accurate control of centers, (3) the measurement of power and axis, and unwanted power in the periphery, (4) the use of computers in generating the shape of a lens and the location of the MRP, and (5) the standardization of shapes.

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G A Fry. 1979. Standards and technology.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/458119/

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Effects of chamber depth on the motion pattern of human spermatozoa in semen or in capacitating medium.

The computer-aided sperm analysis system (CASA) permits precise calculation of the trajectory characteristics of human spermatozoa. Comparison between different chamber depths (10, 20 and 100 microns) revealed variations in the results, which were more evident as the magnitude of the spermatozoon flagellar beat increased. In seminal spermatozoa, the reduced amplitude of movement, linked to the relatively short flagellum and high viscosity of seminal plasma, indicates that the 10 microns-deep chamber can be used for motion analysis without involving extensive modifications. On the other hand, analysis of quicker movement, such as in capacitated spermatozoa, revealed large variations; in particular the proportion of non-progressive hyperactivated spermatozoa was higher in the 20 microns than in the 10 microns chamber (17.9 +/- 14% and 6.9 +/- 4.5% respectively, P < 0.01). In fact the distribution of non-progressive and progressive hyperactivated spermatozoa is depth-dependent. It is therefore necessary to use a chamber of at least 20 microns in depth for sperm analysis in capacitated medium.

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