PubMed · 4504512
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G Mpouphounos, E Stephanos, D Louskos. [Metals--compositions].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4504512/
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Glass coatings on Ti6Al4V were prepared using a simple enameling technique. The composition of the glasses was tailored to match the thermal expansion of Ti6Al4V. By controlling the firing atmosphere, time, and temperature, it was possible to control the reactivity between the glass and the alloy and to fabricate coatings (25-150 micron thick) with excellent adhesion to the substrate. The optimum firing temperatures ranged between 800 and 840 degrees C at times up to 1 min in air or 15 min in N2. The same basic technique was used to prepare multilayered coatings with graded composition or with hydroxyapatite (HA) particles embedded in the outer layer. Some of these coatings presented excellent adhesion to the substrate and were able to form HA during in vitro tests in simulated body fluid.
Plasma-sputtered hydroxyapatite (HA) thin coatings ( approximately 1 microm) were deposited onto uncoated and (TiAlV)N-coated Ti-6Al-4V-alloy substrates at low temperatures. The (TiAlV)N coating interlayer was deposited by reactive sputtering. Depositions were achieved by utilizing unbalanced and balanced magnetrons in a capacitively coupled RF plasma. Characterization of the thermostability, bioerosion resistance, and chemical composition of the coating layer was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that for deposition temperatures as low as 67 degrees C, the crystalline phase of the HA coating still is clearly detectable and that the underlying (TiAlV)N coating can increase the crystallinity and thermostability of the HA coating before and after heat treatment. The thin ( approximately 1 microm) sputtered HA coating shows strong HA characteristic peaks in the FTIR spectra even after a 30-day dissolution test. The experimental results show that a multilayer structure comprised of a bioinert (TiAlV)N and bioactive HA coating has the potential to improve the biocompatibility of implant materials. The bioinert (TiAlV)N coating also may provide a long-term stable interface between bone tissue and an alloy implant after the bioactive HA coating is remodeled by the surrounding tissue.
Biomaterials which combine optimum properties of strength and biocompatibility are desirable in improving the long-term performance of implantable medical devices. Our study is aimed at developing technology designed to alter the outer atomic layers of a material to give the desired compatibility with the tissue while retaining the properties of the bulk substratum. Materials used in this study were titanium vanadium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy (Co-Cr). Soda lime glass discs and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) acted as controls. A cathode of either Ti-6Al-4V or Co-Cr was used to simultaneously deposit and implant identified substrata. The attachment of human bone-derived cells (HBDC) to various materials was determined using radiolabeling or colorimetric assays. Results show that HBDC adhere preferentially to the unmodified surfaces of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V on glass compared to the unmodified Co-Cr surfaces and to that of the Co-Cr on glass. Depositing Ti-6Al-4V on Co-Cr gives significantly better attachment of HBDC than when depositing Co-Cr onto Ti-6Al-4V. While cellular attachment to the created surfaces reflects that of the cathodic materials, it is not identical to these materials. Ion deposition/implantation is capable of creating permanent surfaces which reflect the adhesion of source materials not bulk substrata.