PubMed · 4274076
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I Ia Chistiakov, R E Kim. 1973. [Trace elements and the reproductive function in sheep].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4274076/
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Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), collected from the Bizerta lagoon, were acclimated for four days to various conditions of temperature, salinity, photoperiod and food supply and then exposed to lindane at a concentration of 40 microg l(-1). Catalase activity, which is a biomarker of exposure to an oxidative stress, was measured in the whole soft tissues of control and assay groups. In control mussels, high temperature, high salinity and light duration significantly increased catalase activity whereas this activity decreased when food, composed of freeze-dried, algae was available. When mussels were treated with lindane, catalase activities were higher than in controls. This increase was significant with temperature, salinity and light duration. The food supply did not change catalase activity, which was always higher compared to controls. Oxidative stress was shown in mussels exposed to lindane. The results highlight the need of considering abiotic parameters in biomonitoring studies, and especially when using catalase as a biomarker.
Plasma metabolites and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations and enzyme activities of some types of peripheral leucocytes were measured to clarify one aspect of the differences in nutrient metabolism between dogs and cats. There were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of glucose, triglyceride, free fatty acids and IRI between dogs and cats. Higher total cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol concentrations were observed in feline plasma, and H/T ratio (HDL/total cholesterol concentrations) was significantly lower than that in canine plasma. The cytosolic activities of fructokinase (FK), pyruvate kinase (PK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly higher and the activities of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) were significantly lower in feline leucocytes than those in canine leucocytes. Higher activities of FK, PK and G6PD, which regulate the rate of biosynthesis of fatty acids, may reflect the different characteristics in nutrient metabolism in feline tissues from canine tissues.
The study of cell turnover of mammary gland helps to gain understanding of the subtle modulation that largely determines milk production. To evaluate the effect of diet composition on cell turnover of mammary gland, pluriparous sheep were allotted to three experimental groups and fed from day 33 after lambing a control diet (BD), a high starch (HS) diet or a high fat (HF) diet. Biopsies of mammary gland tissue were collected at 50 days after lambing for in situ detection of cell death and RT-PCR analysis of bax, bcl-2, caspase-3 and GST expressions. Both apoptotic and proliferation indexes were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the BD group compared to HS and HF groups. The relative expressions of GST were significantly greater (P<0.05) in HF group compared to the BD and HS groups. There was a significant increase in the ratio of bcl-2 to bax mRNA in the HS and HF groups. Availability of energy substrates for mammary gland can interfere with the cell fate, modulating genes involved in the control of oxidative stress which, in turn, can indirectly regulate cell apoptosis and proliferation.