Menopause in the All of Us Research Program: a descriptive summary of electronic health record and survey response across sociodemographic characteristics.

Jack W Staples; Samantha L White; Adam Giacalone; Nikita Pozdeyev; Mary D Sammel; Barbara E Stranger; Celina I Valencia; Nanette Santoro; Audrey E Hendricks

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002884

PubMed · 42709559

Menopause in the All of Us Research Program: a descriptive summary of electronic health record and survey response across sociodemographic characteristics.

Jack W Staples·Samantha L White·Adam Giacalone·Nikita Pozdeyev·Mary D Sammel·Barbara E Stranger·Celina I Valencia·Nanette Santoro·Audrey E Hendricks

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Menopause is a significant physiological transition with implications for health outcomes (eg, cardiometabolic disease), yet gaps remain in understanding this transition, including how menopause timing and type influence health outcomes. Large-scale cohort studies in midlife (age=40-60) females, including the All of Us Research Program (AoURP), provide opportunities to study menopause across diverse populations and data modalities. We characterized menopause-related data in AoURP, focusing on age distributions and concordance between electronic health record (EHR) diagnosis codes and survey responses. METHODS: We analyzed menopause-related surveys, EHR diagnostic codes, and genomic data among ~396,000 AoURP female participants. We summarized menopause-related variables across data sources, evaluated overlap between survey, EHR, and genomic data sets, and described age distributions overall and across sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS: Among ~396,000 females, survey responses captured ~193,000 menopause observations, nearly seven times more than EHR diagnoses (~28,000), suggesting under-ascertainment in EHR data. Nearly all females (~99%) with an EHR menopause diagnosis reported menopause in the survey. Approximately 22,000 participants had overlapping menopause-related EHR, survey, and genomic data. Survey age patterns matched expectations, with participants predominantly <40 years reporting premenopausal status and those >60 years reporting postmenopausal status. A small subset with age >70 years (N≈1,700; 4%) reported no menopause, suggesting response or recall bias. EHR menopause codes were concentrated after age 45 years, with a notable spike at age 65. Modest differences in survey-based menopause age distributions were observed across sociodemographic characteristics (eg, race and ancestry). CONCLUSIONS: These findings inform sampling strategies, power calculations, phenotype definition, and study design for menopause research using AoURP data.

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Age All of Us Research Program (AoURP)Biobank Electronic health record (EHR)Menopause Survey Journal Article

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Jack W Staples, Samantha L White, Adam Giacalone, Nikita Pozdeyev, Mary D Sammel, Barbara E Stranger, Celina I Valencia, Nanette Santoro, Audrey E Hendricks. 2026-09-08. Menopause in the All of Us Research Program: a descriptive summary of electronic health record and survey response across sociodemographic characteristics.. https://doi.org/10.1097/gme.0000000000002884

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