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Effects of exercise on aerobic capacity in people with prehypertension or hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Kongwen Chen·Yin Liang·Tingyun Yin·Yuanyuan Lv·Laikang Yu
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Abstract

This study aimed to quantify the effects of exercise on aerobic capacity in people with prehypertension or hypertension and to identify exercise prescription parameters that optimize improvements. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception to 24 October 2025. Data were pooled using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Exercise significantly improved aerobic capacity in people with prehypertension or hypertension (SMD&#x200a;=&#x200a;0.88; 95% CI: 0.61-1.15; P &#x200a;<&#x200a;0.00001), with multicomponent training demonstrating superior efficacy. Exploratory subgroup analyses suggest that longer programs (&#x2265;12&#x200a;weeks), lower frequency (<3&#x200a;sessions/week), 60-min sessions or longer, total weekly exercise less than 180&#x200a;min, and professional supervision may be associated with better outcomes.

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HumansPrehypertensionHypertensionRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicExerciseExercise ToleranceExercise TherapyOxygen Consumption6-min walk testaerobic capacityexercisehypertensionmaximal oxygen uptakeprehypertensionSystematic ReviewJournal ArticleMeta-AnalysisResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Kongwen Chen, Yin Liang, Tingyun Yin, Yuanyuan Lv, Laikang Yu. 2026-07-27. Effects of exercise on aerobic capacity in people with prehypertension or hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.. https://doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0000000000004405

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Exercise subjectExercise Therapy subjectExercise Tolerance subjectHumans subjectHypertension subjectJournal Article subjectMeta-Analysis subjectOxygen Consumption subjectSystematic Review; Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't resourceSystematic reviews study

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