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PubMed · 42542069

Proteomic characterization of the acquired enamel pellicle under acidic challenges at early and mature formation stages.

Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura·Marina Honorato Cardoso·Mariana Liessa Rovis Sanches·Even Akemi Taira·Nathalia Regina Ribeiro·Tamara Teodoro Araujo·Júlia Thomazini Pereira·Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) proteomic changes after exposure to citric acid (CA) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) under different pellicle formation times (3 and 120&#x202f;min) in the same volunteers. DESIGN: Nine healthy volunteers participated in this randomized crossover in vivo study. The AEP was allowed to form for 3 or 120&#x202f;min and subsequently exposed for 10&#x202f;s to deionized water (control), 1% CA (pH 2.5), or 0.01&#x202f;M HCl (pH 2.0). Pellicle samples were collected, followed by protein extraction, tryptic digestion, and analysis by nanoliquid chromatography (nanoLC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) with MSE (data-independent acquisition; nanoLC-MS&#x1d31;). Label-free quantitative proteomics were performed for relative quantification using t-test (p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.05). RESULTS: At 120&#x202f;min, CA exposure markedly reduced several typical AEP proteins, especially acidic proline-rich proteins (PRPs). Conversely, basic PRPs were upregulated, suggesting acid-resistance protein signature. At 3&#x202f;min, basal-layer proteins (PRPs, cystatins, histatins and mucins) were more abundant. Hemoglobins increased 6-8-fold (up to 150-fold in 3&#x202f;min control), suggesting association with early pellicle formation and an acid-resistant protein signature. CA exposures for 120&#x202f;min also upregulated typical AEP proteins (PRPs, mucins, cystatins, immunoglobulins), while HCl exposure depleted albumins and lactotransferrin. CONCLUSION: Intrinsic and extrinsic acids induce distinct proteomic signatures in the AEP. Hemoglobin and PRPs appear consistently enriched in the early pellicle layer, reflecting an initial acid-resistant protein signature. These findings provide new insights into the molecular remodeling of the AEP following intrinsic and extrinsic acid exposure, highlighting proteins potentially involved in early-stage pellicle formation.

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HumansDental PellicleProteomicsHydrochloric AcidCitric AcidMaleAdultCross-Over StudiesFemaleMass SpectrometryHemoglobinsMucinsHistatinsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationYoung Adultacquired pellicleenamelerosive tooth wearproteinsproteomicsJournal ArticleRandomized Controlled Trial

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Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura, Marina Honorato Cardoso, Mariana Liessa Rovis Sanches, Even Akemi Taira, Nathalia Regina Ribeiro, Tamara Teodoro Araujo, J&#xfa;lia Thomazini Pereira, Mar&#xed;lia Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf. 2026-07-28. Proteomic characterization of the acquired enamel pellicle under acidic challenges at early and mature formation stages.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2026.106704

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Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial resourceAdult subjectCitric Acid subjectCross-Over Studies subjectFemale subjectHemoglobins subjectHumans subjectJournal Article subjectMale subjectRandomized controlled trials study

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