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Liver Cancer Risk and Incidence Attributable to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Meta-Analysis and Population-Attributable Modeling Study of Over 1.2 Million Individuals.

Jianhui Zhao·Kangning Li·Yixuan Zhang·Yan Chen·Liying Xu·Meiqian Hu·Yaojie Wang·Yuping Liu·Xue Li·Zhengwei Wan·Juan Lu
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Abstract

HIV-induced immune suppression and chronic inflammation elevate the risk of cancer progression. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between January 1, 1984 and October 13, 2023 to assess the association between HIV infection and liver cancer. People living with HIV (PLHIV) had a higher risk (pooled relative risk = 3.36, 95% CI: 2.72-4.15). The global PAF for HIV-attributed liver cancer was 1.43% in 2019, with a three-fold increase over the past 30 years. The Asia-Pacific region recorded the second highest new cases of HIV-attributed liver cancer in 2019, and the highest age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) in Eastern and Southern Africa. Particularly, the ASIR of HIV-attributed liver cancer increased rapidly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, with the highest estimated annual percentage change reaching 22.98%. PLHIV have an increased risk and incidence of liver cancer. In regions with high burden of HIV-attributed liver cancer, it is essential to integrate prevention and effective treatment for HIV, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and liver cancer.

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HumansHIV InfectionsIncidenceLiver NeoplasmsRisk Factorsdisease burdenhuman immunodeficiency virusincidenceliver cancerpopulation attributable fractionJournal ArticleMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review

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Jianhui Zhao, Kangning Li, Yixuan Zhang, Yan Chen, Liying Xu, Meiqian Hu, Yaojie Wang, Yuping Liu, Xue Li, Zhengwei Wan, Juan Lu. 2026-06-11. Liver Cancer Risk and Incidence Attributable to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Meta-Analysis and Population-Attributable Modeling Study of Over 1.2 Million Individuals.. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.70587

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Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Systematic Review resourceHIV Infections subjectHumans subjectIncidence subjectJournal Article subjectMeta-Analysis subjectSystematic reviews studypopulation attributable fraction subject

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