Search PubMed⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 42153651

Early Analgesia for the Management of Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Sanjay Bandyopadhyay·Rakesh Khan·Shambo S Samajdar·Abhishek Banerjee
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early analgesic interventions, particularly NSAIDs versus opioids, in reducing pain and improving clinical outcomes among adults with AP. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov from database/registry inception to December 2025 to obtain relevant data. Randomized controlled trials involving adults aged 18 years or older diagnosed with AP, irrespective of the etiology and severity, who were administered analgesics (opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, epidural anesthesia, local anesthesia, and paracetamol) and compared with placebo, conventional treatment, or another analgesic modality were included in this review. The primary outcome assessed was pain reduction. The secondary outcomes assessed were the need for rescue analgesia, length of hospital stay, complications (local and/or systemic), mortality, and adverse drug effects. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. Effect estimates were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis (DerSimonian-Laird approach), while nonpooled outcomes were summarized narratively. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were included in the analysis. NSAIDs provided pain relief comparable to opioids, with a lower incidence of local complications (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37-0.94). No significant differences in the need for rescue analgesia (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.33-2.35), length of hospital stay (MD: -2.68 d, 95% CI: -6.27 to 0.91), mortality (RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.19-3.05), and adverse drug effects (RR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.17-1.76) were observed. However, the findings are limited by study bias and heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: Early analgesia with NSAIDs has efficacy and safety comparable to opioids in adults with AP, with the advantage of reducing local complications.

Explore related subjects

HumansPancreatitisRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalAnalgesiaAnalgesics, OpioidAnalgesicsTreatment OutcomePain ManagementAcute DiseaseLength of Stayacute pancreatitisearly analgesianonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)opioid analgesicssystematic review and meta-analysisJournal ArticleSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Sanjay Bandyopadhyay, Rakesh Khan, Shambo S Samajdar, Abhishek Banerjee. 2026-10-01. Early Analgesia for the Management of Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.. https://doi.org/10.1097/mpa.0000000000002676

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

Discover connections

Acute Disease subjectAnalgesia subjectAnalgesics subjectAnalgesics, Opioid subjectAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal subjectHumans subjectJournal Article subjectJournal Article; Systematic Review; Meta-Analysis resourceLength of Stay subjectMeta-Analysis subjectPain Management subjectSystematic reviews study

Connections use source metadata and explicit phrase matches, not verified experimental comparisons.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

Development and Crossover Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Assisted System for Solid Pancreatic Lesion Detection and Pancreatic Parenchyma Recognition in Endoscopic Ultrasonography (With Video).

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Pancreatobiliary endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is technically demanding, and supervised training opportunities are limited. We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) overlay system for detecting solid pancreatic lesions (SPL) and recognizing pancreatic parenchyma (PP) and evaluated its effect on reader performance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Across six centers, two deep learning-based models were trained using expert-annotated EUS frames. We then conducted a randomized, two-sequence, two-period crossover reader study in which eight endosonographers (five novices and three experts) interpreted image sets with and without AI assistance. The primary endpoint was superiority of sensitivity for SPL detection among novices; key secondary endpoints included specificity and PP recognition. RESULTS: From 118 patients, 120 SPL-positive/negative image sets and 160 PP-positive/negative image sets were constructed. Among novices, AI assistance improved SPL detection sensitivity (88.7% vs. 76.8%, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) and accuracy (86.4% vs. 78.7%), while specificity met the predefined noninferiority criterion (84.2% vs. 80.5%, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). For PP recognition, sensitivity increased numerically (86.3% vs. 83.3%) but did not meet the predefined superiority criterion (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.095); specificity met the noninferiority criterion (87.8% vs. 81.0%), and accuracy increased from 82.1% to 87.0%. Among experts, sensitivity was maintained for both tasks, whereas specificity increased with AI assistance. CONCLUSIONS: AI assistance improved SPL detection among novice endosonographers. For PP recognition, sensitivity increased without reaching statistical superiority, whereas specificity met the predefined noninferiority criterion. These findings support a potential adjunctive role for AI in EUS interpretation.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

A clinical study on the efficacy of rectal administration of Tongfu Qinghua decoction combined with external application of Ruyi Jinhuang powder in treating acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute abdominal disease with high mortality in moderate and severe cases. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine therapy has promising clinical application prospects. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of Tongfu Qinghua decoction enema combined with Ruyi Jinhuang powder external application for AP and its therapeutic effects across different age groups. METHODS: A total of 100 AP patients from October 2023 to August 2025 were randomly divided into observation and control groups (50 cases each). The control group received conventional Western medicine and the observation group received additional combined Chinese medicine therapy. Outcomes including hospital stay, symptom relief, inflammatory and pancreatic injury markers, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared, with subgroup analysis of patients aged 18-40, 41-60 and 61-75 years. RESULTS: The observation group had significantly shorter hospital stay, faster symptom relief and gastrointestinal recovery (P<0.05). Post-treatment inflammatory and pancreatic markers improved significantly and the total effective rate was higher (P<0.05), with no significant difference in adverse reactions (P>0.05). Benefits were consistent across all age subgroups, with younger patients recovering faster and elderly patients still achieving significant improvement. CONCLUSION: This combined therapy is effective and safe for AP patients aged 18-75 years, significantly improving clinical outcomes and worthy of clinical promotion.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Biomarker Analysis from Patients with Metastatic PDAC Treated with TGF&#x3b2; Antibody NIS793 plus Abraxane + Gemcitabine versus Abraxane + Gemcitabine Alone in a Phase II, Open-Label, Randomized Study.

PURPOSE: Transforming growth factor &#x3b2; (TGF&#x3b2;) plays a dual role in cancer, acting as a tumor suppressor early in the disease but promoting progression and immune evasion when dysregulated. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), TGF&#x3b2;-driven desmoplasia fosters chemoresistance and immunosuppression, limiting therapeutic efficacy. NIS793, a fully human mAb targeting TGF&#x3b2;, demonstrated antifibrotic and immunomodulatory activity in preclinical models and early-phase trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized, open-label, phase II study in treatment-na&#xef;ve patients with metastatic PDAC (mPDAC) to evaluate NIS793 &#xb1; spartalizumab (anti-PD-1) combined with nab-paclitaxel (or Abraxane)/gemcitabine (ABRA/GEM) versus ABRA/GEM alone. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), safety, pharmacokinetics, and biomarker analyses. Exploratory assessments included paired tumor RNA sequencing, cell-free DNA profiling, and plasma proteomics. RESULTS: NIS793 demonstrated target engagement and suppression of TGF&#x3b2; signaling, confirmed by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Stromal remodeling was evident, with significant downregulation of cancer-associated fibroblast markers (Acta2, Fap) and collagen-related signatures. Despite proof of mechanism, clinical efficacy was not observed: Median PFS and OS were comparable or numerically worse in the NIS793 arm versus control (HR for OS in NIS793 + ABRA/GEM vs. ABRA/GEM: 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-2.07). The safety profile was manageable, with no unexpected toxicities. Biomarker data revealed increased expression of neutrophil-related genes after treatment, suggesting potential induction of tumor-promoting inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: NIS793 effectively inhibited TGF&#x3b2; signaling and led to stromal remodeling but failed to improve outcomes in mPDAC. These findings highlight the complexity of TGF&#x3b2; biology and caution against its blockade in combination with chemotherapy for PDAC. Future strategies should consider context-dependent effects of TGF&#x3b2; inhibition.

Humans↗