Search PubMed⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 41846302

Effects of Moderate-Frequency Resistance Training on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Yigao Wu·Yunqing Zhang·Yixuan Li·Hiu Tin·Yanchun Li·Xu Yan
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Resistance training (RT) effectively manages cardiometabolic risk factors in adults, but the specific effects of moderate-frequency RT (2-3 sessions/week) in adults with overweight or obesity are understudied. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate moderate-frequency RT's effects on cardiometabolic risk factors in this population and quantify effect sizes. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library searched up to July 2025. ELIGIBILITY: English randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing RT (&#x2265;&#x2009;7&#x2009;weeks) to nonexercise control; nonathletic adults &#x2265;&#x2009;18&#x2009;years with BMI&#x2009;&#x2265;&#x2009;25&#x2009;kg/m2. PARTICIPANTS: 454 participants across 12 RCTs (mean age 58.93&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;12.87&#x2009;years; mean BMI 31.2&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;3.5&#x2009;kg/m2; ~50% female). RESULTS: RT significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure (MD&#x2009;=&#x2009;-1.53&#x2009;mmHg; 95% CI: -2.16 to -0.91; p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01), LDL-C (MD&#x2009;=&#x2009;-0.25&#x2009;mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.41 to -0.08; p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01), and triglycerides (MD&#x2009;=&#x2009;-0.17&#x2009;mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.04; p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.01). No significant effects on systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, waist circumference, glycemic markers, total cholesterol, or HDL-C. Subgroup analyses showed larger LDL-C/triglyceride improvements with concurrent dietary control. CONCLUSION: Moderate-frequency RT inconsistently improves cardiometabolic risk factors, benefiting diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C, and triglycerides but not glycemic or other parameters. Combining with dietary control may enhance benefits, supporting RT as a complementary strategy in multimodal lifestyle interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42022343167.

Explore related subjects

HumansResistance TrainingObesityCardiometabolic Risk FactorsOverweightFemaleBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesAdultRisk FactorsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicMiddle Agedcardiometabolic risk factorsobesityoverweightresistance trainingJournal ArticleSystematic ReviewMeta-AnalysisReview

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Yigao Wu, Yunqing Zhang, Yixuan Li, Hiu Tin, Yanchun Li, Xu Yan. 2026-03-17. Effects of Moderate-Frequency Resistance Training on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.70130

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

Discover connections

Adult subjectBlood Pressure subjectCardiometabolic Risk Factors subjectCardiovascular Diseases subjectFemale subjectHumans subjectJournal Article subjectJournal Article; Systematic Review; Meta-Analysis; Review resourceMeta-Analysis subjectMiddle Aged subjectObesity subjectOverweight subjectSystematic reviews study

Connections use source metadata and explicit phrase matches, not verified experimental comparisons.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

Metabolic Stress Testing Reveals Persistent Lipid-Handling Dysfunction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Despite Exercise Training.

AIM: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction, yet baseline metabolomic studies show inconsistent findings. We investigated whether metabolic abnormalities in PCOS emerge under physiological stress and how these responses are modified by exercise training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve women with PCOS and 10 controls completed hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps with randomised saline or lipid infusion, before and after 8&#x2009;weeks of supervised exercise. Plasma metabolomics (163 metabolites) were measured at baseline, post-infusion and post-clamp. Linear mixed-effects models assessed Group&#x2009;&#xd7;&#x2009;Timepoint&#x2009;&#xd7;&#x2009;Intervention interactions. RESULTS: No baseline metabolite differences were observed between groups. A significant three-way interaction (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.008) indicated condition-dependent trajectory divergence. Post hoc analysis revealed a specific divergence during post-exercise lipid challenge (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.048). Women with PCOS showed reduced suppression of ether-linked phosphatidylcholines during insulin-stimulated lipid loading (PC ae C44:4, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.031), despite exercise-induced improvements in fitness and normalisation of amino acid profiles. Exploratory metabolite ratios suggested impaired substrate coordination under stress. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic defects in PCOS are stress-dependent and not detectable at rest. Exercise training improves resting metabolism but reveals persistent impairment in adaptive lipid handling during combined insulin and lipid challenges, suggesting impaired coordination of substrate supply during metabolic stress. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ISRCTN42448814.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Exploring the role of successful exercise-induced body weight loss on cardiometabolic health in individuals with metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is known to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., VO2MAX), a key marker of cardiometabolic health in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nonetheless, body weight loss is widely recognized as a crucial factor in reducing insulin resistance and improving metabolic risk factors. Thus, we aimed to determine the importance of body weight loss following exercise training on improving MetS. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-eight adults (55.3&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;7.9&#xa0;yr) with overweight/obesity (32.5&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;4.6&#xa0;kg&#xb7;m-2) and MetS were randomized to: a) standard health care non-exercise group (CONTROL group, N=58) or b) standard health care plus 16 weeks of HIIT (EXER group, N=170). MetS (MetS z-score), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2PEAK), maximal cycling power (WPEAK), and body weight/composition were assessed. After intervention, EXER group participants were divided according to their weight loss response to training: i) those achieving the weight loss predicted from estimated exercise energy expenditure (-BW group, n=78; -3.3&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;2.2&#xa0;kg); ii) those not reaching the expected weight loss (=BW group, n=38; -0.7&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;0.5&#xa0;kg); iii) and those who gained weight (+BW group, n=54; 1.1&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;1.0&#xa0;kg). VO2PEAK significantly improved regardless of body weight loss response (-BW, 0.3&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;0.3; =BW, 0.2&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;0.3; +BW, 0.3&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;0.2&#xa0;L&#xb7;min-1; all p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001) compared to CONTROL group (0.0&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;0.3&#xa0;L&#xb7;min-1). However, significant improvements in MetS z-score (-0.31&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;0.41) and HOMA-IR (-0.7&#xa0;&#xb1;&#xa0;1.6) were observed only in the -BW group (both p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Exercise recommendations should consider that greater improvements in MetS are observed when interventions are accompanied by successful body weight loss. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05120778.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Effects of cinnamon supplementation combined with exercise training on anthropometric indices and reproductive hormones in overweight and obese women.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and increased fat in the chest and abdomen in women and hormonal changes, can affect female fertility. The present study aims to investigate the effect of exercise training combined with cinnamon supplementation on chest and abdominal circumference, as well as sex hormones, in overweight and obese women. METHODS: Twenty-six inactive overweight and obese women were randomly allocated to an exercise (E; n = 13) and exercise plus cinnamon supplementation (E+S; n = 13) group. Both groups completed a 4-week exercise program three times weekly, while the E+S group additionally received cinnamon supplementation three times weekly. Chest and abdominal circumferences and serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Significant pre-to-post reductions in chest and abdominal circumference were observed in both groups (all p &#x2264; 0.005). Estradiol, progesterone, and FSH concentrations increased, whereas LH concentrations decreased significantly in both groups (all p &#x2264; 0.005). However, between-group comparisons revealed a significant difference only for chest circumference (p = 0.003), with no significant group differences in abdominal circumference or any reproductive hormone concentration (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both groups showed favorable changes in anthropometric and reproductive hormone measures following the 4-week study period. However, the significant between-group difference was limited to chest circumference, providing no clear evidence that cinnamon supplementation conferred additional benefits for abdominal circumference or reproductive hormone profiles beyond those observed with exercise. These findings highlight the potential relevance of exercise-based interventions while warranting confirmation in larger, adequately powered trials.

Humans↗