Systematic meta-analysis of the toxicities and side effects of the targeted drug lenvatinib.

Huihui Liu; Kai Wang; Yu Sun; Qingwei Li; Jingfei Shi; Shuai Gao; Chao Cui

doi:10.1080/07853890.2025.2598935

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Systematic meta-analysis of the toxicities and side effects of the targeted drug lenvatinib.

Huihui Liu·Kai Wang·Yu Sun·Qingwei Li·Jingfei Shi·Shuai Gao·Chao Cui

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lenvatinib, an effective targeted drug for various cancers, has clinical medication safety concerns due to its toxicities and side effects. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated lenvatinib-induced any adverse events (any AEs) and nine aspects: vascular toxicities related to the circulatory system (vascular toxicities, blood system, and heart), toxicities of the skin and its appendages (skin/subcutaneous tissue and taste system), toxicities of the respiratory system (respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal and respiratory tract), toxicities of the nervous system (nervous system and general), toxicities of the digestive system (gastrointestinal and liver), toxicities of the urinary system, toxicities of the endocrine and metabolic system (endocrine and metabolism/nutrition), toxicities of the musculoskeletal system, and other severe toxicities. Toxicities and side effects were stratified by severity into any and ≥3 grades for analysis. PATIENTS/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multiple databases were searched for lenvatinib cancer clinical studies (cohort studies and randomized controlled trials) from inception to December 31, 2024; toxicity and side effect data were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: Nine high-quality studies were included, showing that lenvatinib is effective in cancers but has notable toxicities. Taking hypertension as an example, for any grade, the risk ratio (RR) was 2.34 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of [2.09, 2.62], a Z-value of 14.74, and a P-value <0.00001; for grade ≥3, the RR was 2.60 with a 95% CI of [2.21, 3.06], a Z-value of 11.44, and a P-value <0.00001. CONCLUSION: Lenvatinib is effective for cancer but toxic, and this study supports its rational clinical use.

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Humans Phenylurea Compounds Quinolines Neoplasms Antineoplastic Agents Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Protein Kinase Inhibitors Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Lenvatinib any grade cancer/tumor therapy grade ≥3 meta-analysis toxicities and side effects Journal Article Meta-Analysis Systematic Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Huihui Liu, Kai Wang, Yu Sun, Qingwei Li, Jingfei Shi, Shuai Gao, Chao Cui. 2025-12-24. Systematic meta-analysis of the toxicities and side effects of the targeted drug lenvatinib.. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2025.2598935

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Antineoplastic Agents subject Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions subject Humans subject Journal Article subject Meta-Analysis subject Neoplasms subject Systematic reviews study

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