PubMed · 4099921
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R E Ritenour. 1970. "Hello, Johnny".. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4099921/
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The development of the term "hospitalism" since Spitz is described. The phases of hospitalism, protest, despair and separation are illustrated, as are preventive measures. Mother-childwards, rooming-in in obstetrics and generous visiting regulations have led to a major decrease in hospitalism in Germany. Outdated wards, social orphans and intensive care units are still current problems of hospitalism.
Measles is still a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity in South Africa. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has recently recommended that greater attention be paid to opportunities for immunisation in the curative sector. This study quantified the extent of missed opportunities for measles immunisation in children attending primary, secondary and tertiary level curative hospitals in the western Cape. Exit interviews of 1,068 carers of children aged between 6 and 59 months inclusive showed that 2.4-40.7% of carers had been requested to produce a Road-to-Health card, and that 4.8-43.1% of carers had a card available. The proportion of children with documented evidence of measles immunisation available ranged from 4.8% to 40.0% between facilities. The study demonstrated that a considerable number of potential opportunities to immunise children against measles are currently being missed in children attending hospitals and day hospitals in the western Cape. The study documents the effect of a fragmented approach to health care, and indicates a need for rapid integration of preventive and curative components of health care into a metropolitan-based primary health care service.