PubMed · 397776
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D L Custis. 1979. Clap your hands.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/397776/
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Community awareness and understanding of depression ("depression literacy") underpins successful implementation of prevention, early intervention and treatment programs. Improving depression literacy is a major goal of beyondblue: the national depression initiative. Although other countries have previously attempted to address this issue, there is little evidence to indicate that those attempts have achieved their aims. Work in other areas of health promotion, such as the widely used PRECEDE model, offers a useful framework from which to develop effective depression literacy initiatives in Australia. This model proposes that effective health promotion strategies should focus not on health actions per se, but on the knowledge and attitudes that encourage or impede individuals from taking such actions. We identify the goals of an effective depression literacy campaign and a range of educational strategies for achieving change in each of these areas. Applying these strategies may give a stronger basis for improving depression literacy than previous initiatives.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To establish if insomniacs' underestimation of sleep time is due to reduced ability to discriminate between sleeping and waking states. DESIGN: Two night's home polysomnography were compared to sleep diaries. Five laboratory nights employed a series of recorded questions regarding perception of prior sleep-wake state, which were presented during sustained wake and interrupted Stage 2 and REM sleep. SETTING: Sleep laboratory and participants' homes. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen insomniacs were compared to 8 good sleepers. Mean age for both groups was 58 years. INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A signal detection theory analysis was applied to participants' responses to questions presented overnight in the laboratory concerning judgement of prior sleep-wake state and confidence in their decision. Insomniacs had reduced sleep-wake discriminability in addition to a greater bias toward reporting prior wakefulness in the laboratory compared to good sleepers. These measures correlated significantly with the degree of underestimation of total sleep and overestimation of wake recorded at home. CONCLUSIONS: Insomniacs' underestimation of total sleep time is the product of prior sleep being misperceived as wake time upon awakening overnight. This misperception may play a role in the perpetuation of insomnia.
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