PubMed · 391330
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C A Watts. 1979-10-27. General practice.. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.6197.1055
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This paper presents the theory of estimating miners' radiation hazard, using the values of radon daughters' concentration in the work-environment. All measurement results can be obtained with any technique beginning with instant measurement and ending with long-term dosimetry. The measurements carried out in metal ore mines show that the seasonal changes in radon daughters' concentration have their main influence in the estimation of the miners' hazard. The estimation of the hazard which was obtained from equations, was compared with the results given from the computer simulation.
Silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP) are two relatively common occupational diseases. Silicosis is the most common pneumoconiosis in the United States. It results from inhalation of the particulate form of quartz or other crystalline forms of silicon dioxide with a diameter of less than 5 micrograms. CWP is the result of inhalation of carbon particles. Pathologic features of the two diseases differ, yet their radiologic features are identical. Simple pneumoconiosis is characterized by multiple small rounded opacities of 1 to 5 mm in diameter and with a bias for the upper lung zones. Complicated pneumoconiosis results from confluence of small opacities into large opacities that form conglomerate masses or progressive massive fibrosis.
The introduction of computed tomography (CT) has modified the radiologic approach to silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis considerably, allowing earlier recognition and more precise characterization of pulmonary abnormalities than chest radiography. An optimal approach to CT recognition requires an understanding of the main physiologic and pathologic features that are known to occur in both pneumoconioses. This report focuses on the most common CT features of simple and complicated forms of silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis as well as on the optimal scanning protocol. The respective roles of chest radiographs and CT scans in the recognition of pneumoconiosis and follow-up of exposed workers are discussed.