PubMed · 3820489
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J Trail. 1987-04-03. Standardization and CD-ROM.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3820489/
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Measurements of HIV-1 DNA and plasma RNA levels represent unique entities, thus clinically and molecularly, data obtained from each can be used independently in assessing therapy or experiments. Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels are used to make clinical decisions regarding treatment strategies, but viral DNA can still be detectable when plasma RNA levels are undetectable. At the molecular level, accurate assessment of HIV-1 DNA copies/cell could increase the ability to target specific tissues for further analysis such as identification of site-specific integration of HIV in cellular DNA. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), HIV-1 copies/cell were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), bone marrow (BM), and tissue. Duplicate specimens were analyzed for plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and for viral DNA copies/cell from 24 HIV-1 infected individuals. DNA from an additional 58 PBMC and 34 other tissue specimens were also assayed with the results reported as a log of HIV-1 DNA copies/cell. The log viral DNA copies/cell of the 24 matched specimens ranged from -2.699 to 0.278 with no correlation to the plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (range 52 to 2 X 105 copies/mL). Similar range in log HIV-1 DNA copies/cell was found in the other specimens. Real-time PCR assay for viral DNA copies/cell provides a rapid assessment of HIV-1 copies/cell in specimens independent of plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. From selected cases with relatively high HIV-1 DNA copies/cell, inverse PCR successfully identified viral integration. This type of assay could facilitate further studies when relatively high viral copies/cell are needed for screening.
Busy diagnosticians need to know what is useful, and what is dross, when dealing with the internet. From the comprehensive array of resources that characterizes the offerings available via the world wide web and email correspondence, in particular, this chapter seeks to identify the most useful tools for the diagnostics laboratory. With rapid communications and fast internet consultations only a few keystrokes away, there really is no point in wasting time on fruitless searches when professionals are so accessible. But accessibility carries the weight of responsibility as well, and communications must be engaged with a fair modicum of civility and common courtesy. Responsibility is a crucially important component of public or semiprivate communication in terms of your own identity, and that of the organization that you represent. Recognition of the relative vulnerability of individual machines to the worldwide disseminated computer viruses, worms, or trojan horses currently abounding, for example, is perhaps the most important step in your approach to security issues, but this recognition must go hand in hand with institutional steps to protect the organization of which you are a part. Organizational tools that serve the diagnostician well in the laboratory can also be mobilized in the aid of communications through the net, and always that harbinger of understanding, common sense, should prevail in one's dealings both with machines, and the people who are communicating either directly or indirectly through them.
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