PubMed · 3587313
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1987-07-02. Multiple sclerosis in twins.. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198707023170111
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STUDY DESIGN: A case report. OBJECTIVES: To report and discuss a case of thoracic hemivertebra in monozygotic twins. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The etiology of congenital scoliosis remains unclear. Both a genetic basis and environmental influences have been postulated. A few isolated reports of discordant spinal anomalies in twins exist. METHODS: Clinical examination and plain radiograph evaluation were performed on female monozygotic twins with congenital scoliosis secondary to thoracic hemivertebra. RESULTS: Congenital thoracic scoliosis was documented in both of a set of monozygotic twins. CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of similar congenital vertebral abnormalities in identical twins in the English literature.
Paraesophageal hernia type III in which the stomach lies in the thorax is a rare condition in children. Recently two children presented with a large type III paraesophageal hernia with an intrathoracic stomach. The stomach could be retrieved from the thorax laparoscopically and the procedure was completed with a Thai antireflux procedure.
Twin gestations are at significant increased risk for adverse perinatal outcome. As a result, although prospective randomized data is lacking, increased fetal surveillance has been advocated for twins. Growth concordance is considered a reassuring sign in twins and conversely, discordancy to possibly reflect a hostile intrauterine environment at least to the smaller twin. Consequently, increased surveillance of discordant twins is commonly practiced. Monochorionic twins are at further risk for type-specific perinatal complications, for example, twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Recently, precise first-trimester depiction of chorionicity has enabled early antepartum stratification of twin gestations according to chorionicity, in comparison with previous later (mid- and third-trimester) ultrasonographic diagnosis of chorionicity. This immediately leads to the question whether antenatal testing of twins should differ according to chorionicity? Review of the literature supports that despite the existence of complications unique to monochorionic twin gestations, dichorionic twins sustain an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcome (such as fetal growth restriction) in comparison with singletons, and that close antenatal fetal surveillance of twins should be performed, irrespective of chorionicity.