PubMed · 3422712
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B Anderson, J Francis. 1988. Low vision.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3422712/
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AIM: To illustrate how the concept of ray vector fields can be used to demonstrate the elementary properties of thin lenses. METHODS: Principles of matrix algebra are used. RESULTS: Using simple geometry we give a generalization of Prentice's rule to include thick astigmatic lenses. Starting from the ray vector fields we show the connection between various representations of spherocylindrical lenses (Fourier representation, expansion in terms of the cross-cylinders). We suggest two clinical areas to which these concepts can be applied.
When a spectacle wearer enters a warm environment after having been in a cooler one, his/her spectacles may 'mist up' due to the formation of condensation on the lens surface. Both the physical properties of the spectacle lens and a number of environmental factors determine how long spectacles take to demist. The relative misting performance of crown glass, CR39 and polycarbonate spectacle lenses were assessed using a novel technique. A box in which the environmental conditions could be controlled was used first to cool the lens and then to warm it. This change in temperature caused condensation to form on the lens surface. By projecting the image of a grating through the lens onto a linear array of photodiodes it was possible to measure the contrast transmission of the spectacle lens as it demisted. Each lens type misted and demisted in a characteristic way. The polycarbonate lens demisted more rapidly than the CR39 lens which, in turn, demisted more rapidly than the glass lens. This indicates that polycarbonate spectacle lenses should be used in conditions where the adverse effects of spectacle misting need to be minimised.