PubMed · 3377066
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D M Cockburn, P S Dwyer. 1988. Posterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous.. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198804000-00012
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We investigated the effects of bFGF and TGF-beta on the expression of type XVI collagen, a member of the fibril associated collagen family, in human dermal fibroblasts and arterial smooth muscle cells. We found that bFGF decreased the alpha1(XVI) collagen mRNA to 18-24% of the controls, while TGF-beta increased the mRNA to 150-360%. Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled cells revealed corresponding, but less pronounced, changes at the protein levels. The results suggested that type XVI collagen expression is regulated by bFGF and TGF-beta in a manner similar to their regulation of the major type I fibrillar collagen produced by these cells.
It is generally accepted that growth of muscle tissue depends in part on biomechanical factors. However, the precise relationships that govern mechanically induced growth are not known. This paper uses available data to propose a set of biomechanical growth laws for striated and smooth muscle. For striated muscle fibers, transverse and longitudinal growth are hypothesized to depend on the active and passive fiber stress, respectively. For smooth muscle fibers in arteries, transverse growth is assumed to depend on the fiber stress (active behavior is ignored), with longitudinal growth depending on both fiber stress and the shear stress on the endothelium due to blood flow. In both types of muscle, the rate of growth is assumed to depend linearly on the stresses. Relatively simple models for skeletal muscle, the heart, and arteries are used to show that the proposed growth laws can predict many of the known characteristics of muscle growth during development and following load perturbations in the mature animal.
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