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PubMed · 3305530

Endotoxin testing.

E Vanhaecke·J Pijck·A Vuye
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Abstract

Parenterals, sterile preparations intended to be injected in man or animal, should be free from pyrogenic substances which are able to raise the thermostatic setting in the hypothalamus. This article gives an up-to-date review of the principal detection and quantification methods for these agents, with special attention on the chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay.

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BibTeXRIS

E Vanhaecke, J Pijck, A Vuye. 1987. Endotoxin testing.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1987.tb00531.x

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PubMed1995

Extracorporeal techniques of endotoxin removal: a review of the art and science.

The incidence of sepsis in the United States has risen in the past few years, and mortality from sepsis has risen over the past several decades. These increases have occurred despite the progress made in antibiotic therapy. The high mortality rate may not be related to the bacteria themselves but rather to the host's response. Of particular concern is the bacterial release of endotoxins, the development of endotoxic shock, and the resulting multiorgan failure, which has a high fatality rate and is the leading cause of death in patients admitted to intensive care units. Removing or neutralizing endotoxins are the two major therapeutic approaches to treating sepsis. To date, pharmacological methods have not been successful. Extracorporeal techniques are based on filtration, sorption, or both. Results with hemofiltration have not been definitive, in part because endotoxin levels have not been measured. Sorption devices, based on polymyxin B and anion exchange matrices, do remove endotoxins. Clinical studies in Japan on septic shock or multiorgan failure with polymyxin-B-bound fibers in direct hemoperfusion continue to suggest the utility of extracorporeal techniques for endotoxin removal. Continued effort is required and warranted to assess the clinical efficacy of these techniques.

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