PubMed · 3282682
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H Tatum. 1988. Endosteal implants.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3282682/
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A range of treatment options has been presented regarding the use of dental implants to rehabilitate patients who otherwise have compromised function using conventional tissue-borne prostheses. This patient population offers significant challenges to both the surgeon and the prosthodontist. Generally speaking, IODs retained on two or more endosteal osseointegrated implants; transosteal, subperiosteal, ramus frame implant-supported and implant-retained prostheses, and a totally implant-supported design offer options to treat the severely atrophic mandible. When bone support or volume is so lacking that augmentation procedures are required, bone grafting can be considered as a treatment option. The state-of-the-art of implant treatment for the atrophic mandible offers to the dental professional and patient a variety of options. Thus far, it is too early to make specific recommendations as to which treatment offers the best option for each patient. It is fair to say that the ISP remains the gold standard against which other treatments can be compared.
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Autogenous bone has been the material of choice at our institution since 1983. The criteria for a successful graft in the sinus have been fulfilled based on functional stability in patients followed-up over 10 years in selected cases. Of 173 implants placed into autogenous bone grafted sinuses, 20 have been lost in four patients. Long-term follow-up is recommended for all graft materials used to support posterior maxillary restorations.