PubMed · 294371
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G Ravasini, S Valerio. 1979. [A new case engineered for self-threading screw availability].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/294371/
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Dental instruments and devices require sterilization or high-level disinfection. An evaluation of the implementation of such processes was undertaken. Eleven thousand questionnaires on methods used to sterilize and disinfect dental instruments were sent to dental practices and 1391 (13%) were returned for evaluation. Sixty-eight percent of respondents believed they were sterilizing their instruments, however, some of the liquid chemical products used were not suitable for sterilizing instruments, and 12% of respondents used incorrect contact times. Forty-nine percent of respondents did not challenge autoclaves with biological spores to check their function at an acceptable frequency. There were similar product and timing problems when a high-level liquid chemical disinfection was attempted. Although the return sample was small, problems were identified that can and should be corrected. This study demonstrates that the potential for person-to-person transmission of infectious agents such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B and C viruses via inadequately sterilized dental instrument exists depending on the prevalence of HIV in the dental practice area.
Two new local exhaust systems, intended primarily to control patient mouth emissions of N2O, were installed in a dental operatory, and resulting exposure concentrations to dental personnel were observed. The exposures were found to be typically unaffected by the presence and operation of these new controls. Laboratory testing on a head form, in conjunction with the operatory observations, established that mask leakage due to poor fit was the primary cause of N2O emissions. An improved mask fit and the addition of a slotted skirt around the outer mask shell individually resulted in greatly reduced leakage rates in the laboratory tests. Also, exhaust systems placed on the chin, on the chest, or in the mouth proved effective in capturing mouth emissions simulated by a breathing machine and head form.
This report is based on the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other publications in the medical and dental literature. The recommendations here, which have been accepted by the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs and the ADA Council on Dental Practice, are intended to offer general guidance for dental offices and laboratories on infection control. They are not intended to establish a standard of care or industry custom, nor are they intended to deprive the dentist of the ability to exercise his or her professional judgment.