PubMed · 2797612
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
1989. Breastfeeding notes.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2797612/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
AIMS: To compare the prevalence of risk factors for the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in New Zealand (SIDS mortality 3.53/1000) with that in the South West Thames (SWT) region of the United Kingdom (SIDS mortality 1.36/1000). METHODS: The methodology of the study was essentially identical in New Zealand and SWT. The subjects in both countries were randomly selected from all births in the study regions. The subjects were randomly allocated an age at which to be interviewed using the same questionnaire in the two study areas. Obstetric records were also examined. Eighteen hundred subjects were selected in New Zealand and 700 subjects in SWT. RESULTS: Younger and unmarried mothers were slightly more common in New Zealand than in SWT. The prevalence of maternal smoking, prone sleeping position and infants' sharing of beds with another person were all higher in New Zealand than SWT, thus increasing the risk of SIDS (maternal smoking in pregnancy: 31.0% vs 23.8% respectively, chi 2 = 11.6, p = 0.001; prone sleeping position: 32.9% vs 25.9%, chi 2 = 18.9, p < 0.001; bed sharing: 10.5% vs 6.8%, chi 2 = 6.0, p = 0.14). However, New Zealand infants were breast fed more frequently and for longer than infants in SWT, which would tend to reduce the risk of SIDS in the New Zealand population. In combination the differences in the prevalences of these four risk factors explain only 20% of the excess risk of SIDS in New Zealand. CONCLUSIONS: The high SIDS mortality rate in New Zealand is not simply explained by a high prevalence of known and modifiable risk factors for SIDS.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent to which policies and practices of Canadian hospitals providing maternity care are consistent with the World Health Organization (WHO)/UNICEF 10 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding, the WHO International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes and the WHO/UNICEF Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mailed survey. SETTING: Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Representatives of 572 hospitals providing maternity care across Canada were sent a questionnaire in the spring and summer of 1993, 523 (91.4%) responded. OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported implementation of policies and practices concerning infant feeding; hospitals were grouped according to location, size (number of live births per year) and university affiliation status. MAIN RESULTS: Although 58.4% (296/507) of the respondents reported that their hospital had a written policy on breast-feeding, only 4.6% (21/454) reported having one that complied with all of the WHO/UNICEF steps surveyed. This figure dropped to 1.3% (6/453) when compliance with the WHO code (distribution of free samples of formula to formula-feeding and breast-feeding mothers) was added. Hospitals in Quebec and the Prairie provinces were significantly more likely than those in Ontario to give free samples of formula to both breast-feeding (OR 2.39 [95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.39 to 4.09] and 20.22 [95% Cl 9.27 to 44.33] respectively) and formula-feeding mothers (OR 1.82 [95% Cl 1.07 to 3.11] and 8.03 [95% Cl 3.29 to 19.6] respectively), after adjustment for hospital size and university affiliation status. CONCLUSION: There are considerable variations in the implementation of individual WHO steps and provisions of the WHO code according to hospital location, size and university affiliation status. Very few Canadian hospitals meet all of the criteria that would enable them to be considered "baby friendly" according to the WHO/UNICEF definition.