PubMed · 2697455
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C K Bomford, P J Dawes, S C Lillicrap, J Young. 1989. Treatment simulators.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2697455/
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Conventional four-electrode impedance measurements (FEIM) cannot localize a zone of interest in a volume conductor. On the other hand, the recently developed electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system offers an image with reasonable resolution, but is complex and needs many electrodes. By placing two FEIM systems perpendicular to each other over a common zone at the center and combining the two results, it is possible to obtain enhanced sensitivity over this central zone. This is the basis of the proposed new method of focused impedance measurement (FIM). Sensitivity maps in both 2D and 3D show the desired improvement. A comparison of stomach-emptying studies also indicates the improvement achieved. This new method may be useful for impedance measurements of large organs like stomach, heart, and lungs. Being much simpler in comparison to EIT, multifrequency systems can be simply built for FIM. Besides, FIM may have utility in other fields like geology where impedance measurements are performed.
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We present a case of a 3-month-old female with a right nasal mass. Upon evaluation with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography, a large right intranasal mass extending through the cribiform plate, displacing the dura, was noted. The patient underwent a combined midfacial degloving and bifrontal craniotomy for complete resection of the tumor mass. Pathologic evaluation demonstrated a mesenchymal tumor with spindle and stellate cells from which islands of immature cartilage emerged. The spectrum of histologic features closely resembled a mesenchymal chondroid hamartoma typically located in the chest wall. It is the first reported case of a chondroid hamartoma of the head and neck in the literature to date. We examine the characteristics and treatment of this unusual tumor.