PubMed · 2446286
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V Parsonnet. 1987. Wanted--a pacemaker lexicon.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1987.tb04975.x
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This article is a retraction of the conclusions drawn in a previous article, published as part of a special October 2001 issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychology on Thought Field Therapy (TFT). I decided to write this retraction after reconsidering a number of issues raised in the critiques of the articles. Additionally, subsequent misinterpretations of the literature on heart rate variability (HRV) by Roger Callahan, which led to further questioning of his premises and claims regarding TFT and HRV as represented in the articles, are discussed. I conclude that the burden of proof is on TFT proponents to demonstrate its efficacy and that well-designed controlled studies using standardized assessment measures and long-term follow-up must be performed to allow the scientific community to take claims made for TFT seriously.
Callahan's response evades the key issues raised by merely restating and elaborating upon what has already been said, providing citations that are out of context and irrelevant to the issues at hand, and misrepresenting what was actually said by his critics and me and the authors of articles he cites. He spends paragraphs refuting "straw men." He provides additional anecdotes, which offer no convincing evidence for his claims. His critics have expressed concern that Callahan and Thought Field Therapy (TFT) proponents will cite his response article, as published in the Journal of Clinical Psychology, to promote TFT, as TFT proponents have repeatedly done for the non-peer-reviewed earlier issue devoted to TFT. Callahan has been given an unprecedented opportunity to present his work in a reputable journal without prior peer review and has failed to meet the burden of proof for his claims, thus undermining his own claim, that his work has been rejected solely as a result of bias against innovation.
OBJECTIVE: Heart rate has been shown to predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a very reliable and easily accessible manner. The exact definition of the conditions under which heart rate is measured appears to be as crucial as the determinations of blood pressure or plasma catecholamines. It was investigated how accurately heart rate measurements were performed, and conditions were described in 56 studies identified from prominent journals within the Medline database: (a) search phrases were "heart rate" and "rest" or "resting"; (b) publication date was from 1996 to 2001; and (c) publication type was "clinical trial". METHODS: Five conditions were considered as most influential: (a) resting period before measurement; (b) posture of the patient; (c) environmental conditions such as temperature or visual and acoustic stimuli; (d) method used to record heart rate; and (e) data analysis, i.e., derivation from raw data. An average of only 1.7 of those 5 criteria for the determination of heart rate were met in the studies included. Information on conditions of, for example, resting period, or environmental conditions is almost completely lacking. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The data show that a very important risk predictor and treatment target heart rate-is not reported in a scientifically sufficient manner, even in large trials. Valuable information is lost despite the fact that the investment of adequately defining, controlling, and performing this determination is modest in comparison to the potential gain. It is recommended to standardize heart rate measurements in analogy to that of blood pressure determinations.