PubMed · 2429721
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G Cambridge. 1986-10-11. Licensed to kill.. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6552.904
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We determined the tissue distribution of 7 human minor histocompatibility (H) Ag. Each of these Ag is defined by one or more MHC class I-restricted CTL clones, previously generated from PBL primed against minor H Ag by HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation (BMT). CTL-mediated lysis of tissue-derived cells and cultured cell lines was used as an in vitro assay for minor H Ag expression of several human tissues. The Ag HA-3 (HLA-A1-restricted), HA-4 (HLA-A2 restricted), HA-6 and HA-7 (HLA-B7 restricted), and the male-specific Ag H-Y (HLA-A2 and B7 restricted) were found to be expressed on cells of all tissues tested. In contrast, the HLA-A2-restricted Ag HA-1 and HA-2 were demonstrated on PHA-blasts, EBV-BLCL, purified T cells, B cells, monocytes, and immature thymocytes, but could not be demonstrated on skin-derived cultured fibroblasts, keratinocytes, melanocytes, cultured epithelial cells of kidney proximal tubili, and umbilical cord vein-derived endothelial cells. Incubation of the latter cell lines with rIFN-gamma, rTNF-alpha, and/or rIL-1 alpha, in concentrations shown to maximally increase their susceptibility to lysis by allo-MHC class I CTL, did not induce recognition by HA-1- and HA-2-specific CTL in vitro. These results indicate an ubiquitous tissue expression of the minor H Ag HA-3, -4, -6, -7 and H-Y in contrast to a to the hemopoietic cell lineage-restricted expression for HA-1 and HA-2. The heterogeneity in tissue expression of T cell-defined, class I-restricted non-MHC Ag implies that they might be derived from intracellular proteins with either an ubiquitous or a more specialized cell type-specific function.
The role of NK cells in the defense against retroviral infections is ill defined. The discovery of the pathogenic human retroviruses and their epidemic spread have made more urgent a better understanding of how such infections may be naturally controlled. Therefore, a systematic study was undertaken to determine whether NK cells obtained from healthy individuals are able to recognize and lyse target cells that have been infected with HTLV-I, HTLV-II, or HIV. The studies demonstrated that NK cells can recognize retrovirus-infected cells as evidenced by rapid conjugation, but that neither freshly isolated, nor IL-2 stimulated cells cause lysis of such targets. As has been reported for NK-resistant tumor cells, removal of sialic acid residues rendered the retrovirus-infected target cells vulnerable to NK cell attack. Although these data do not suggest that boosting natural immunity would be a useful treatment modality for patients with AIDS or HTLV-related diseases, the observations may help to explain why the small number of cells that harbor retroviruses in patients with subclinical infection are not eliminated.
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