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PubMed · 2413680

Acnegenicity testing in rabbits. An objective quantification method.

E Bechgaard
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Abstract

An objective method for the quantification of follicular hyperkeratosis is proposed for the rabbit ear assay of acnegenicity. The area (area%) of hyperkeratinized follicles, covering a stereomicroscopic photo of the epidermis, is proposed for the quantification of the response. The uniformity of two observers' quantification was evaluated in six tested formulations. The quantification of the response in area% was found to be a suitable and objective alternative to visual scoring on a graded scale. The median relative difference between two observers' area%-quantification was found to be 26%, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two observers' quantification (p greater than 0.10). An area% of 2, 7, and 15 is preliminarily suggested to be equivalent to the lower limit for scores 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

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Acne VulgarisAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalEarMaleMyristatesRabbitsJournal Article

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E Bechgaard. 1985. Acnegenicity testing in rabbits. An objective quantification method.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2413680/

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Systematic review of Propionibacterium acnes resistance to systemic antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE: To document changes in the prevalence of resistance of Propionibacterium acnes to antibiotics used for treating acne. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for publications on P. acnes resistance to systemic antibiotics. The search strategy mapped "acne" or "acne vulgaris" with the terms "antibiotic resistance" or "drug resistance, microbial". Only papers published in English during 1976 to 1997 were included in the search. STUDY SELECTION: 53 publications met the search criteria. The search output was refined by selecting papers that specifically addressed P. acnes resistance patterns. Additional studies (not included in the search output) were identified from review articles and references of the retrieved articles. Twelve articles were reviewed. DATA EXTRACTION: Data on the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria, the incidence of individual resistance phenotypes, mixed resistance, and correlation between poor therapeutic response and resistant propionibacteria were extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS: Research since 1978 has suggested an association between poor therapeutic response and antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria. The overall incidence of P. acnes antibiotic resistance has increased from 20% in 1978 to 62% in 1996. Resistance to specific antibiotics varied and was most commonly reported with erythromycin and clindamycin, tetracycline and doxcycline, and trimethoprim. Resistance to minocycline is rare. CONCLUSIONS: In many patients with acne, continued treatment with antibiotics can be inappropriate or ineffective. It is important to recognise therapeutic failure and alter treatment accordingly. The use of long-term rotational antibiotics is outdated and will only exacerbate antibiotic resistance.

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