PubMed · 1779197
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D Leeb. 1991. Blepharoplasty.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1779197/
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PURPOSE: To describe the clinical phenotype and linkage analysis of the congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) in an Indian family. METHODS: Individuals were examined and their peripheral blood samples were withdrawn for genetic analysis. The disorder was tested for linkage to two known autosomal dominant CFEOM loci on chromosome 12p11.2-q12 (CFEOM1) and chromosome 16q24 (CFEOM3) using microsatellite markers. RESULTS: Nine individuals including seven affecteds participated in the study. All seven affecteds had a classic form of CFEOM which included congenital bilateral ptosis, hypotropia, and chin elevation. The disorder segregated as an autosomal dominant trait in this family. The maximum simulated lod score in this family was 2.02. Linkage to CFEOM3 was excluded (Z<-2.00), whereas analysis of chromosome 12 markers was positive. The maximum observed two-point lod score was 1.8 (given the size and structure of the family) at theta=0 with marker D12S345. Markers D12S61, D12S1631, D12S87, D12S345, D12S59, D12S1048, and D12S1668 cosegregated with the disease locus in all affecteds. Haplotype analysis showed that the candidate region spanned the centromere. CONCLUSIONS: The present data showed a classic CFEOM phenotype in an Indian family. The family's phenotype is consistent with linkage to CFEOM1 locus on chromosome 12p11.2-q12.
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Blepharoptosis can be the presenting symptom in a variety of disorders ranging from the relatively common and benign levator dehiscence to debilitating and potentially life-threatening conditions such as myasthenia gravis and aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery. For these reasons, a comprehensive understanding of the clinical and pathophysiological features of the different causes of acquired ptosis is essential in guiding the ophthalmologist toward the appropriate medical and surgical management of these patients (see the following list).