PubMed · 16568735
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Armel Rivallan. [Certain activities, when doing nothing can make a difference].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16568735/
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The Mediterranean population of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV-ES) is characterized by a high genetic uniformity, distinguishing it from its Asian counterparts. ToLCNDV-ES is thought to have a monophyletic origin, likely resulting from a single recombination event, prior to its spread throughout the Mediterranean region. Following its first detection in southeastern France in 2020, ToLCNDV-ES re-emerged in France in 2022. Our analysis based on advanced long-read sequencing, circular DNA profiling, and phylogeny indicates both local persistence of French ToLCNDV-ES and multiple independent introduction events. Signatures of positive selection were identified in French ToLCNDV-ES populations, whereas no clear evidence of recombination was found. Bayesian time-structured phylogenetic analyses suggest that introductions in France occurred between 2018 and 2021 from the major ToLCNDV-ES clade, while several Italian ToLCNDV-ES isolates diverged prior to the virus introduction in the Mediterranean basin. Overall, this study demonstrates the value of an optimized long-read sequencing approach for resolving circular DNA virus diversity, and sheds light on the complex evolutionary history of ToLCNDV-ES in the Mediterranean Basin, particularly in southeastern France.
In the study of spine, two approaches exist. Clinicians still measure directly, either on X-ray films or on digitized images, a small number of angular values characterizing the profile of deformed spines. 3D software programs exist, but they describe the spinal features calculated from a large set number of inputs. An alternative approach is proposed for clinical applications. Frontal and sagittal radiographs are treated separately. Neutral curves are drawn from a small number of records in a small amount of time. Feature parameters accurately describe the spinal shape, and they are the basis for drawing the modeled curve of the spine. These parameters facilitate the follow up of evolutive back pathologies. Several examples display the new technique.
The methodology and choice of criteria and indexes used for a common evaluation of helical tomotherapy by 3 French centres are described. After a selection of clinical indications and definition of the general purpose are successively described the criteria and index selected for: 1) description of volumes and adaptation for on board imaging; 2) dose prescription and constraints related to IMRT; 3) intercomparaison of volumes and doses and potential dosimetric gain with this new equipment.