PubMed · 16422558
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Erin L FitzGerald. Universal lessons.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16422558/
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PURPOSE: The challenges and victories that a team of Public Health Service (PHS) pharmacists experienced in establishing pharmacy operations at a federal medical station and conducting outreach missions are described. SUMMARY: The Gulf coast of Mississippi and southeast Louisiana were struck on August 29, 2005, by Hurricane Katrina, which caused widespread infrastructure damage, flooding, and loss of life. A team of 70 officers, which included 8 pharmacists, arrived on September 3 and 4 to establish a 480-bed federal medical station in an aircraft hangar at the naval air station (NAS) in Meridian, Mississippi. Numerous challenges were encountered, including identifying a secure space for a pharmacy, determining how to manage the immediate shortage of medications, devising a dispensing system specific to controlled medications, handling personal medications brought in by patients, and maintaining adequate pharmacy staffing to provide for hospital needs. Two outreach efforts were also undertaken. The first was to assist the NAS pharmacy department, which was overwhelmed with nearly 800 Navy and Coast Guard personnel who were displaced to the Meridian NAS. The second outreach effort was to augment the staff at a local free clinic in Meridian, which needed help to set up their clinic so they could handle the influx of hurricane victims who were arriving daily. CONCLUSION: A team of PHS pharmacists established a pharmacy, provided pharmaceutical care, and conducted outreach programs to aid victims of Hurricane Katrina.
Epidemiological analysis of sequential growth data may be a tool in assessing ozone sensitivity of mature trees. Annual shoot growth of mature Fagus sylvatica in 83 Swiss permanent forest observation plots and of Picea abies in 61 plots was evaluated for 11 and 8 consecutive years, respectively, using branches harvested every 4 years. The data were assessed as annual deviation from average growth and related to fructification, ozone, meteorological parameters, and modelled soil water content using a mixed linear model. In beech, a significant association between ozone and shoot growth was observed which corresponded to a 7.4% growth reduction between 0 and 10 ppm h AOT40 (accumulated ozone over threshold 40). This is in the same order of magnitude as the response observed in experiments with seedlings. No interaction was found between ozone and drought parameters. In Norway spruce, shoot growth was neither associated with ozone nor with drought.