Search PubMed⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 15838921

Cell-cell interactions in regulating osteogenesis and osteoblast function.

Joseph P Stains·Roberto Civitelli
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Endochondral bone formation requires an elaborate interplay among autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signals, positional cues, and cell-cell contacts to mediate the complex three-dimensional architecture and function of the skeleton. Embryonic bone development occurs by migration, aggregation, and condensation of immature mesenchymal progenitor cells to form the cartilaginous anlage. Upon vascular invasion, the cartilaginous scaffold is colonized and subsequently mineralized by osteoblasts. Likewise, bone remodeling in the adult skeleton is a dynamic process that requires coordinated cellular activities among osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts to maintain bone homeostasis. This review examines the role of cell-cell interactions mediated by adherens junctions formed by cadherins and communicative gap junctions formed by connexins in regulating bone development and osteogenic function.

Explore related subjects

Bone RemodelingCadherinsCell CommunicationConnexinsGap JunctionsOsteoblastsOsteogenesisSignal TransductionJournal ArticleResearch Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Joseph P Stains, Roberto Civitelli. 2005. Cell-cell interactions in regulating osteogenesis and osteoblast function.. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdrc.20034

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2006

Synthesis of nitric oxide in human osteoblasts in response to physiologic stimulation of electrotherapy.

Electrotherapy for bone healing, remodeling and wound healing may be mediated by modulation of nitric oxide (NO). Using NO-specific fluorophore (DAF-2), we report here that application of non-invasive, physiologic electrical stimulation induces NO synthesis in human osteoblasts, and that such NO generation is comparable to that induced by estrogen treatment. For example, application of a sinusoidal 1 Hz, 2 V/cm (peak to peak) electrical stimulation (ES) increases NO-bound DAF-2 fluorescence intensity by a 2-fold within 60 min exposure by activating nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Increase in the NO level is found to depend critically on the frequency and strength of ES. While the frequency of 1 Hz ES seems optimal, the ES strength >0.5 V/cm is required to induce significant NO increase, however. Nitric oxide synthesis in response to ES is completely prevented by blocking estrogen receptors using a competitive inhibitor, suggesting that NO generation is likely initiated by activation of estrogen receptors at the cell surface. Based on these findings, physiologic stimulation of electrotherapy appears to represent a potential non-invasive, non-genomic, and novel physical technique that could be used to regulate NO-mediated bone density and facilitate bone remodeling without adverse effects associated with hormone therapy.

Bone Remodeling↗
PubMed2006

The role of osteocytes and bone microstructure in preventing osteoporotic fractures.

The skeleton alters its geometry following trauma, the introduction of artificial defects and of fatigue-induced microcracks. The precise mechanism by which the skeleton adapts remains unclear. Microcracks might directly affect the cell by damaging the osteocyte cell network or causing apoptosis. Bone microstructure may play an important role in these processes by diverting and arresting propagating microcracks and so prevent fracture failure. This paper discusses the effects of microstructure on propagating cracks, how microdamage may act as a stimulus for bone adaptation and its potential effects on bone biochemistry.

Bone Remodeling↗
PubMed2006

Ordered mesoporous materials in the context of drug delivery systems and bone tissue engineering.

Chemistry, materials science and medicine are research areas that converge in the field of drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. This paper tries to introduce an example of such an interaction, aimed at solving health issues within the world of biomaterials. Ordered mesoporous materials can be loaded with different organic molecules that would be released afterwards, in a controlled fashion, inside a living body. These materials can also react with the body fluids giving rise to carbonated nanoapatite particles as the products of such a chemical interaction; these particles, equivalent to biological apatites, enable the regeneration of bone tissue.

Bone Remodeling↗