Pro-T ALL: immunophenotypical analyses.

M C Béné; Groupe d'Etude Immunologique des Leucémies; European Group for the Immunological Classification of Leukemias

PubMed · 15786699

Pro-T ALL: immunophenotypical analyses.

M C Béné·Groupe d'Etude Immunologique des Leucémies·European Group for the Immunological Classification of Leukemias

Abstract

Pro-T acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL), also called T-I ALL, are extremely rare diseases where cells at the earliest defined stage of T-lineage maturation proliferate in the bone marrow. They are characterized by the absence of all T-lineage differentiation markers except intracytoplasmic CD3 and surface CD7. They may express markers of immaturity and a number of myeloid lineage markers, without reaching the score defining biphenotypic acute leukemia (BAL). A literature search was performed on Medline and the few publications devoted to this disorder are reviewed in this manuscript. Attempts at understanding the mechanisms leading to the development of T-I ALL, based mostly on animal experiments are further presented.

Explore related subjects

Cell Lineage Humans Immunophenotyping Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell Journal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

M C Béné, Groupe d'Etude Immunologique des Leucémies, European Group for the Immunological Classification of Leukemias. Pro-T ALL: immunophenotypical analyses.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15786699/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

LAML-Pro: joint maximum likelihood inference of cell genotypes and cell lineage trees.

MOTIVATION: Recent dynamic lineage tracing technologies use genome editing to induce heritable mutations, or edits, that accumulate across successive cell divisions. These edits are measured using single-cell sequencing or imaging, providing data to reconstruct cell lineages at single-cell resolution. Current computational approaches to infer cell lineage trees, or phylogenies, from these data perform two separate steps: (i) Identify each cell's edits (genotype) from the raw sequencing or imaging data; (ii) Infer a cell lineage tree from the cell genotypes. However, genotyping cells is an inexact process and genotype errors can yield an inaccurate lineage tree. For example, using fluorescence based-imaging to measure edits results in a high fraction (≈25%-50%) of uncertain or erroneous genotypes. RESULTS: We introduce Lineage Analysis via Maximum Likelihood with PRobabilistic Observations (LAML-Pro), an algorithm that jointly infers cell genotypes and a cell lineage tree. LAML-Pro is based on the Probabilistic Mixed-type Missing Observation (PMMO) model, which we derive to describe both the genome editing and genotype observation processes. LAML-Pro constructs lineage trees from thousands of cells in under an hour by leveraging the sparsity of transitions under the PMMO model. On simulated data, we demonstrate that LAML-Pro corrects genotype errors and infers substantially more accurate trees than existing methods which are vulnerable to genotype errors. Applied to data from two recent imaging-based lineage tracing systems, LAML-Pro reduces genotype errors by 5-fold and produces more spatially coherent lineage trees compared to existing methods. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: LAML-Pro is implemented in C++ and is available as both a command-line interface and as a Python library at: github.com/raphael-group/LAML-Pro.

Cell Lineage↗

PubMed2025

Multicolor Cell Lineage Tracing Using MAGIC Markers Strategies.

Multicolor MAGIC Markers strategies are useful lineage tracing tools to study brain development at a multicellular scale. In this chapter, we describe an in utero electroporation method to simultaneously label multiple neighboring progenitors and their respective progeny using these multicolor reporters. In utero electroporation enables the introduction of any gene of interest into embryonic neural progenitors lining the brain ventricles through a simple pipeline consisting of a micro-injection followed by the application of electrical pulses. Successful in utero electroporation requires a concise yet complete understanding of each step of the surgical protocol, spanning from the preoperative preparation to the postoperative care, as well as the MAGIC Markers tool outlined in this study. Besides a detailed protocol, we present non-integrative and integrative approaches to demonstrate the range of cell and lineage tracking possibilities of multicolored progenitors and their descent over time.

Cell Lineage↗

PubMed2007

The commonality of plasticity underlying multipotent tumor cells and embryonic stem cells.

Aggressive cancer cells and pluripotent stem cells converge in their capacity for self-renewal, proliferation and plasticity. Recent studies have capitalized on these similarities by demonstrating that tumors arise from specific cancer stem cell populations that, in a manner reminiscent of normal stem cells, are able to both self-renew and give rise to a heterogeneous tumor population. This stem cell like function of aggressive cancer cells is likely attributable to the ectopic expression of embryonic factors such as Nodal and Cancer Testis Specific Antigens (CTAs), which maintain a functional plasticity by promoting pluripotency and immortality. During development, the expression of these embryonic factors is tightly regulated by a dynamic array of mediators, including the spatial and temporal expression of inhibitors such as Lefty, and the epigenetic modulation of the genome. In aggressive cancer cells, particularly melanoma, this balance of regulatory mediators is disrupted, leading to the aberrant expression of pluripotency-associated genes. By exposing aggressive cancer cells to embryonic microenvironments, this balance of regulatory mediators is restored, thereby reprogramming tumor cells to a more benign phenotype. These stem cell-derived mediators, as well as the genes they regulate, provide therapeutic targets designed to specifically differentiate and eradicate aggressive cancers.

Cell Lineage↗