PubMed · 15739751
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Todd Smith, Ward Gardner, Steve Nokes. 2005. Screening internal auditory canals.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15739751/
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INTRODUCTION: Accurate preoperative imaging of the temporal bone in patients receiving cochlear implants is important. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are the 2 preoperative imaging modalities that provide critical information on abnormalities of the otic capsule, pneumatisation of the mastoid, middle ear abnormalities, cochlear ducts patency and presence of cochlear nerve. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The HRCT and MR imaging in 46 cochlear implant patients in our department were reviewed. RESULTS: Majority of our patients [34 patients (73.9%)] showed normal HRCT of the temporal bone; 5 (10.9%) patients had labyrinthitis ossificans, 2 (4.3%) had Mondini's abnormality and 2 (4.3%) had middle ear effusion. One patient each had high jugular bulb, hypoplasia of the internal auditory canal and single cochlear cavity, respectively. CONCLUSION: The above findings contribute significantly to our surgical decisions regarding candidacy for surgery, side selection and surgical technique in cochlear implantation.
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The auditory (cochlear) labyrinth, the cochlea, holds the hearing sensory receptors. The vestibular labyrinth contains the sensory receptors for balance, which lie in the three semicircular canals and in the otolithic organs (the saccule and utricle). Pure tone audiometry and brain stem evoked audiometry can help to differentiate a peripheral cochlear disorder from central lesion. The type of nystagmus, severity of postural instability, and neurological evaluation can help to differentiate a peripheral vestibular disorder from a central vestibular lesion. The decision whether to perform an appropriate imaging such as brain imaging versus labyrinthine imaging depends on the clinical and paraclinical information provided to the radiologist by the neurotologist, neurologist, or other clinicians. The magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of peripheral cochlear and vestibular lesions are the main focus of this article.