PubMed · 1560905
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S Hayes, Y Wilde. Orthopaedic options.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1560905/
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The authors present a simple and cost effective technique of preparing strong cords from surgical sutures. The technique requires suture material, a drill, a clip and it takes less than a minute to prepare. The mechanical strength of the cord obtained by this method was compared to the mechanical strength of a single suture. Cords containing eight thicknesses of the suture material failed at slightly under eight times the single suture strength. A loop made out of cords of number 2 Vicryl or Dexon failed at loads of more than 1000 N. The authors have found these cords extremely useful and effective for reconstruction of the dislocated acromio-clavicular joint and also for the fixation of trans-femoral osteotomies.
Six configurations of the Monticelli-Spinelli external fixator were tested for axial compression, bending, and torsion. The ring wire clamp unit was separately tested under repeated cyclic loading and retightening of the clampnuts. The configurations studied were the following: 3 standard (4-ring and 3-ring with 5-mm between the wires and 3-ring with 40 mm between the wires); and 3 hybrid (3-ring and 1 pin, and 2-ring and 2 pins with the rings either placed closer or distant to the fracture). For each configuration, 5 frames were constructed. Axial stiffness was nonlinear for both fixator types. Four-ring fixators and 2-ring 2-pin fixators had similar stiffness, yet were stiffer than 3-ring configurations. Anteroposterior bending stiffness was highest in the 4-ring configurations, whereas oblique bending for standard fixators was similar to lateral bending stiffness for the hybrid configurations. Torsion was higher in the 4-ring construction and in hybrid frames compared to the standard 3-ring frames. For the ring wire clamp unit, stiffness increased and hysteresis diminished after each retightening of the clampnuts because of the increase of contact between clamps and ring. The hybrid configurations provide an alternative that enables more simple configurations with less transfixing elements and sufficient stiffness.