PubMed · 15444080
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M JACOWSKI. [Granular gingiva].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15444080/
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Recent experiments have defined cytoplasmic foci, referred to as processing bodies (P-bodies), wherein mRNA decay factors are concentrated and where mRNA decay can occur. However, the physical nature of P-bodies, their relationship to translation, and possible roles of P-bodies in cellular responses remain unclear. We describe four properties of yeast P-bodies that indicate that P-bodies are dynamic structures that contain nontranslating mRNAs and function during cellular responses to stress. First, in vivo and in vitro analysis indicates that P-bodies are dependent on RNA for their formation. Second, the number and size of P-bodies vary in response to glucose deprivation, osmotic stress, exposure to ultraviolet light, and the stage of cell growth. Third, P-bodies vary with the status of the cellular translation machinery. Inhibition of translation initiation by mutations, or cellular stress, results in increased P-bodies. In contrast, inhibition of translation elongation, thereby trapping the mRNA in polysomes, leads to dissociation of P-bodies. Fourth, multiple translation factors and ribosomal proteins are lacking from P-bodies. These results suggest additional biological roles of P-bodies in addition to being sites of mRNA degradation.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the usefulness of a lamellar body count, a fluorescence polarization assay, and the foam stability index for predicting neonatal lung maturity in high-risk pregnancies. SETTING: This study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Pediatrics, Assiut University Hospital. DESIGN: A prospective clinical trail. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study was performed after recruiting 73 pregnant women, 52 with high-risk pregnancies (25 had diabetes and 27 had premature labor) and 21 with a healthy full-term singleton pregnancy as controls. All women were delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Assiut University Hospital. The newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Department of Pediatrics. Amniotic fluid specimens were obtained near delivery. Apgar score, vital signs, anthropometric data, and complete clinical examination results were available for all newborns, and particular emphasis was placed on signs of RDS. RESULTS: The incidence of RDS was 44.2% in the newborns of women who had experienced a high-risk pregnancy (of these, 82.6% were born preterm and 17.4% to diabetic mothers). We found that a lamellar body count is a good screening test for predicting neonatal lung maturity. It is as good as the fetal lung maturity assay by fluorescence polarization in some respects and better in others; moreover, it is better than the foam stability index test in all respects. A lamellar body count with cutoffs of 41 x 10(3)/microL and 18 x 10(3)/microL was a good predictor of low and high risks of RDS in newborns. Values between 19 x 10(3)/microL and 40 x 10(3)/microL were the best to predict an intermediate risk of RDS. CONCLUSION: Lamellar body count is a good screening test for predicting the degree of neonatal lung maturity.
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