PubMed · 15328733
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John Appleby. 2004-07-29. Productivity.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15328733/
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This paper reports the results of a study to estimate a statistical health state valuation model for a revised version of the Health Utilities Index Mark 2, using Standard Gamble health state preference data. A sample of 51 health states were valued by a sample of the 198 members of the UK general population. Models are estimated for predicting health state valuations for all 8000 states defined by the revised HUI2. The recommended model produces logical and significant coefficients for all levels of all dimensions in the HUI2. These coefficients appear to be robust across model specifications. This model performs well in predicting the observed health state values within the valuation sample and for a separate validation sample of health states. However, there are concerns over large prediction errors for two health states in the valuation sample. These problems must be balanced against concerns over the validity of using the VAS based health state valuation data of the original HUI2 valuation model.
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PURPOSE: The impact of drug shortages on patient care, the resources used to manage drug shortages, and the cost associated with drug shortages were studied. METHODS: A national online survey was conducted to quantify the effects of drug shortages on patient care and pharmacy expenses. Directors of pharmacy in acute care institutions in the ASHP member database were asked to estimate the impact of drug shortages on acquisition costs, pharmacist and nonpharmacist staff time dedicated to specific functions related to drug shortages, and drug-compounding expenses. RESULTS: Usable responses were received from 370 (24.7%) of 1496 pharmacy directors. Nearly all pharmacy directors surveyed believed that shortages had changed practice, and a majority felt that drug shortages had compromised patient care. Hospital pharmacy personnel devoted a significant amount of time to managing drug shortages. The results suggest that shortages increase the acquisition cost of pharmaceuticals in the United States by over dollar 99 million annually. CONCLUSION: A national survey indicated that drug shortages are having a significant impact on patient care activities and finances in hospitals.