PubMed · 14971104
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Greg Gillespie. 2004. Do mobile phones cause interference?. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14971104/
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A wire patch cell (WPC) operating at the uplink frequency band of GSM 1800 MHz has been designed for in vitro experiments with the aim of investigating the possible biological effects of electromagnetic radiation associated with cellular phones. The 1800 MHz WPC design is a direct descendant of the original 900 MHz WPC introduced by Laval et al. This system provides a homogeneous specific absorption rate distribution, using four 3.5 cm petri dishes simultaneously. Numerical dosimetry has been performed using a commercial code (CST Microwave Studio), in order to evaluate accurately the efficiency of the structure (in terms of W kg(-1) per 1 W input power) and the distribution in the chosen biological target. The numerical results have been confirmed by experimental measurements performed by measuring thermal increase due to a high power impulse. The efficiency of the structure is 1.25 +/- 25% W kg(-1) per 1 W input power higher than the efficiency of the 900 MHz WPC. A few adjustments have been made in order to use the WPC in a standard incubator and to avoid thermal increases related to the radio frequency exposure. This exposure system has been adopted for the experiments scheduled in the RAMP and GUARD projects (VFPE).
A telemetric system was designed and constructed to sense pH and ethanol variation in aqueous solutions. The measured signals were transferred by software digitally and transmitted wirelessly by the telemeter, personal digital assistant (PDA), through the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) protocol. The pH sensing electrode was designed to measure a chemical potential induced by a proton concentration gradient on the electrode's surface which exhibits internal Donnon diffusion behavior, and a linear relationship between the electrical potential and pH was found. The result shows that the wireless sensing system allowed not only long-term usage and long-distance transmission but also with high accuracy (e.g. S.D. less than +/-2%). The telemetric system can also be modified to measure ethanol concentration in aqueous solution amperometrically. It was found that the sensitivity of that ex situ measurements matched those of in field measurements with negligible deviation, less than 4%.
BACKGROUND: Wireless local area networks (WLANs) are considered the next generation of clinical data network. They open the possibility for capturing clinical data in a prehospital setting (e.g., a patient's home) using various devices, such as personal digital assistants, laptops, digital electrocardiogram (EKG) machines, and even cellular phones, and transmitting the captured data to a physician or hospital. The transmission rate is crucial to the applicability of the technology in the prehospital setting. METHODS: We created two separate WLANs to simulate a virtual local are network environment such as in a patient's home or an emergency room (ER). The effects of different methods of data transmission, number of clients, and roaming among different access points on the file transfer rate were determined. RESULTS: The present results suggest that it is feasible to transfer small files such as patient demographics and EKG data from the patient's home to the ER at a reasonable speed. Encryption, user control, and access control were implemented and results discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a WLAN in a centrally managed and multiple-layer-controlled access control server is the key to ensuring its security and accessibility. Future studies should focus on product capacity, speed, compatibility, interoperability, and security management.