[Electroencephalography].

To evaluate sleep-related obstructive breathing events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), we developed a technique for digital recording and analysis of esophageal pressure (Pes) and elucidated the Pes parameters. Pes was recorded overnight with a microtip-type pressure transducer in 74 patients with OSAHS. Simultaneously, in all patients digital polysomnography was recorded. The mean nadir end-apneic Pes swing (Pes Nadir) ranged from -20.2 to -147.4 cmH(2)O, with a mean of -53.6+/-2.9 cmH(2)O. Correlation of the mean Pes Nadir indicated a linear relationship with the mean ratio of maximal Pes swing to apnea duration (r(2)=0.70) and the mean area of the Pes (Pes Area) (r(2)=0.82). Significant correlations were noted between the mean Pes Nadir and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, ranging from 7.9 to 109.5 per hour; r(2)=0.66), minimum SpO(2) (r(2)=0.60), oxygen desaturation index (ODI) of more than 3 (r(2)=0.65), arousal index (r(2)=0.54), and between the mean Pes Area and AHI (r(2)=0.63), minimum percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2); r(2)=0.57), ODI (r(2)=0.69), and arousal index (r(2)=0.41). Pes parameters were found to be significant in the evaluation of the severity of the respiratory effort during the sleep-related obstructive breathing events for patients with OSAHS.

Electroencephalography↗

PubMed2005

Paradoxical lateralization of brain potentials during imagined foot movements.

Though each foot is controlled primarily by the contralateral hemisphere, the event-related brain potentials preceding an overt foot movement are largest over the ipsilateral side of the head. Because such "paradoxical lateralization" results from the spatial organization of the motor homunculus, it can provide a sign of motor-cortex activation. We report paradoxical lateralization in the potentials accompanying imagined foot movements, thereby demonstrating a contribution of cortical areas directly involved in movement execution.

Electroencephalography↗