PubMed · 14789488
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G BERGMARK. 1950. Intermittent spinal claudication.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1950.tb12286.x
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Walking like an inverted pendulum reduces muscle-force and work demands during single support, but it also unavoidably requires mechanical work to redirect the body's center of mass in the transition between steps, when one pendular motion is substituted by the next. Production of this work exacts a proportional metabolic cost that is a major determinant of the overall cost of walking.
This review explores vestibular contributions during dynamic tasks with the goal of identifying the underlying roles of vestibular information in task progression and balance control. Vestibular contributions to upper and lower body control during locomotor tasks were found.